判断当前应用是在前台还是后台

12/14/220 更新 每日一问 | 如何判断应用退出，或者到后台了？

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1. 应用场景

接收推送的时候，当我们的APP 收到一条推送的时候，可能在应用内，也可能在应用外。
在应用内的时候，显示一个 Dialog 之类，在应用外的时候，弹一个notifyCation.

2. 如何判断是在显示还是没有显示

2.1 方法一

以前 Android 提供 API 是 getRunningTasks()，拿到所有正在运行的 Task，一个个进行判断。 如果自己的 package 在里面，就是在应用内。
但是每一次都需要 for - loop，比较操蛋，不做介绍

2.1 方法二

Android 4.0 之后 提供 API Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks，生命周期执行到哪些，就会回调哪些，

public interface ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
        void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState);
        void onActivityStarted(Activity activity);
        void onActivityResumed(Activity activity);
        void onActivityPaused(Activity activity);
        void onActivityStopped(Activity activity);
        void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState);
        void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity);
    }

public class AppStatusTracker implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks{
	//用来记录App状态信息
}

每次生命周期变动都会回调，收集起来就可以知道当前应用的状态

如果在应用外，所有的 Activity 都应该 onStop() 掉，或者 onDestroyed()，如果是在应用内，则只有一个 Activity 是 onResumed()。

根据Activity 之间跳转，的生命周期记录

A - -> onPaused()
B - -> onCreated()
B - -> onStarted()
B - -> onResumed()
A - -> onStoped()
A - -> onDestoryed()

   //界面要显示时调用此方法，onCreate -- onResume 之间不该写大量代码，
    // 防止初始化时间过长会导致黑屏，
    //一旦此方法回调，就可以确定当前应用是在前台执行
    @Override
    public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityResumed");
        //Activity 跳转过程中，onPause -> onResume 之间需要时间，这时候收到消息推送，这算前台？后台？
        //onPause() 可能为 false，也可能是要跳转到另外一个Activity，另外一个Activity 去掉用onResumed 方法
        
        isForground = true;
        timestamp = 0l;
        isScreenOff = false;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityStarted");
        activeCount ++;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityStopped");
        activeCount --;
        if (activeCount == 0){
            isForground = false;//在后台执行
            timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
        }
    }
    
  

3. 代码

public class AppStatusTracker implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks{

    private boolean isForground;
    private int activeCount;//计数器，所有的Activity都执行了stop方法，那么count=0,app在后台执行

    private static final long MAX_INTERVAL = 5 * 60* 1000;
    private long timestamp;//在后台呆的时间够长，再切换到前台的时间差，超过最大值显示图形解锁
    private boolean isScreenOff;//图形解锁的特殊需求，屏幕锁住之后再亮起需要图形解锁

    private static AppStatusTracker tracker;
    private Application application;
    private DaemonReceiver receiver;
    private int mAppStatus = ConstantValues.STATUS_FORCE_KILLED;

    private AppStatusTracker(Application application) {
        this.application = application;
        application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);//必须注册才能接受到该方法的回调
    }

    public static void init(Application application) {
        tracker = new AppStatusTracker(application);
    }

    public static AppStatusTracker getInstance() {
        return tracker;
    }

    public void setAppStatus(int status) {
        this.mAppStatus = status;
        if (status == ConstantValues.STATUS_ONLINE){
            if (receiver == null){
                IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
                filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
                receiver = new DaemonReceiver();
                application.registerReceiver(receiver,filter);
            }else if (receiver != null){
                application.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
                receiver = null;
            }
        }
    }

    public int getAppStatus() {
        return this.mAppStatus;
    }

    public boolean isForground() {
        return isForground;
    }

    private void onScreenOff(boolean isScreenOff) {
        this.isScreenOff = isScreenOff;
    }

    public boolean checkIfShowGesture(){
        if (mAppStatus == ConstantValues.STATUS_OFFLINE){
            if (isScreenOff){
                return false;
            }
            if (timestamp != 0l && System.currentTimeMillis() - timestamp > MAX_INTERVAL) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityStopped");
        activeCount --;
        if (activeCount == 0){
            isForground = false;//在后台执行
            timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityCreated");
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityStarted");
        activeCount ++;
    }

    //界面要显示时调用此方法，onCreate -- onResume 之间不该写大量代码，
    // 防止初始化时间过长会导致黑屏，
    //一旦此方法回调，就可以确定当前应用是在前台执行
    @Override
    public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityResumed");
        //Activity 跳转过程中，onPause -> onResume 需要时间，这过程中算前台？后台？
        isForground = true;
        timestamp = 0l;
        isScreenOff = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityPaused");
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
        L.e(activity.toString()+" onActivityDestroyed");
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {

    }

    private class DaemonReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            L.d("onReceive:" + action);
            if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF.equals(action)) {
                AppStatusTracker.getInstance().onScreenOff(true);
            }
        }
    }
}

使用：

public class CustomApplication extends Application {

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        AppStatusTracker.init(this);
    }
}