Android 蓝牙如何使用

今天面试问我做过蓝牙灯泡没，现在正好看一下，最近智能家居很火

蓝牙就好像一个美女，我要在这个情人节的夜晚，把它衣服一件一件脱光光，嘿嘿

这个代码适配的是4.0，之后的我就不知道是否可行了，我在这只是了解下

1. 原理图

2. 蓝牙 API

    获取本地蓝牙适配器
    BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    打开手机蓝牙
    mBluetoothAdapter .enable();
    关闭手机蓝牙
    mBluetoothAdapter.disable();
    扫描蓝牙设备
    mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
    取消扫描蓝牙设备,减少资源的消耗
    mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();

3. 添加蓝牙广播接受者

IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
// 开始扫描的广播
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
// 扫描完成的广播
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
// 发现一个可用的设备的广播
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
mBluetoothReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
//注册监听
registerReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver, filter);

4. 蓝牙广播接受者

class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        //根绝不同的action做判断，eg:获取蓝牙设备
    }
}

5. 连接设备

public void connectServer(final BluetoothDevice device) {
        new Thread(new Runnable(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    System.out.println(randomUUID.toString());
                    BluetoothSocket clientSocket = device.
                            createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(
                                    UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));
                    clientSocket.connect();
                    out = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
                    System.out.println("连接成功");
                    Looper.prepare();
                    Toast.makeText(BluetoothDemoActivity.this, "连接成功", 0).show();
                    Looper.loop();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }}).start();
    }

6. 注销设备

注销广播接受者
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver);
    }

7. 代码

7.1 Activity

ublic class BlueToothActiity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {

    private ListView mLv;
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
    private OutputStream mOutputStream;
    private ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> mDevices = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
    private BroadcastReceiver mBluetoothReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                // 扫描到蓝牙设备
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                mDevices.add(device);
                mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                System.out.println("device name" + device.getName());
            } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED.equals(action)) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "开始扫描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "扫描结束", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    };
    private DeviceAdapter mAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mLv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
        mAdapter = new DeviceAdapter(getApplicationContext(), mDevices);
        mLv.setAdapter(mAdapter);
        mLv.setOnItemClickListener(this);
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        // 注册广播接收者, 当扫描到蓝牙设备的时候, 系统会发送广播
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
        filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
        registerReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver, filter);
    }

    public void clickBtn(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.button1:
                // 蓝牙是否可用
                if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
                    // 打开蓝牙
                    mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.button2:
                // 关闭蓝牙
                if (mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
                    mBluetoothAdapter.disable();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.button3:
                // 开始扫描
                mDevices.clear();
                mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
                break;
            case R.id.button4:
                // 停止扫描
                mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
                break;
            case R.id.button5:
                sendCtrl(0);
                break;
            case R.id.button6:
                sendCtrl(1);
                break;
            case R.id.button7:
                sendCtrl(2);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    private void sendCtrl(int i) {
        try {
            byte[] bs = new byte[5];
            bs[0] = (byte)0x01;
            bs[1] = (byte)0x99;
            if(i== 0) {
                bs[2] = (byte)0x10;
                bs[3] = (byte)0x10;
            }else if(i==1) {
                bs[2] = (byte)0x11;
                bs[3] = (byte)0x11;
            }else if(i==2) {
                bs[2] = (byte)0x17;
                bs[3] = (byte)0x17;
            }
            bs[4] = (byte)0x99;
            mOutputStream.write(bs);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver);
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
        BluetoothDevice device = mDevices.get(position);
        conn(device);
    }

    private void conn(final BluetoothDevice device) {
        // 建立蓝牙连接是耗时操作, 类似TCP Socket, 需要放在子线程里
        new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    // 获取 BluetoothSocket, UUID需要和蓝牙服务端保持一致
                    BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID
                            .fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
                    // 和蓝牙服务端建立连接
                    bluetoothSocket.connect();
                    // 获取输出流, 往蓝牙服务端写指令信息
                    mOutputStream = bluetoothSocket.getOutputStream();
                    // 提示用户
                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                        public void run() {
                            System.out.println("连接成功----");
                            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            };
        }.start();
    }
}

7.2 Adapter

public class DeviceAdapter extends BaseAdapter {



    private ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> mDevices;
    private Context mContext;

    public DeviceAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> devices) {
        mDevices = devices;
        mContext = context;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mDevices.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder holder;
        if(convertView == null) {
            convertView = View.inflate(mContext, R.layout.bluetooth_item, null);
            holder = new ViewHolder();
            holder.mTvName = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
            holder.mTvAddress = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_address);
            convertView.setTag(holder);
        }else {
            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }
        BluetoothDevice device = mDevices.get(position);
        holder.mTvName.setText(device.getName());
        holder.mTvAddress.setText(device.getAddress());
        return convertView;
    }

    class ViewHolder {
        TextView mTvName;
        TextView mTvAddress;
    }

}

7.3 布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="打开蓝牙" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="关闭蓝牙" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="开始扫描" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button2"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="停止扫描" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button3"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="开灯" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button7"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button6"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="点动" />

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_below="@id/button7" >
    </ListView>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button5"
        android:onClick="clickBtn"
        android:text="关灯" />

</RelativeLayout>