采用目前最新的struts-2.3.1.2、hibernate3.6.10.Final、spring-framework-3.1.1.RELEASE开发包,以及eclipse-jee-indigo-SR2-win32、apache-tomcat-7.0.27服务器、JDK6和mysql5做开发环境,参考了前辈的一篇相关文章,改正了其中的错误和疏漏,克服了公司分配的“新”机器每小时自动重启三次的困难,终于把环境给搭好了。整个过程中遵循的一个原则是,避免引入用不到的jar包,以求搭建一个最小的SSH运行环境。
首先创建一个Dynamic web project 输入任意名字如SSHBase。
第一步:加载Spring环境
我们需要引入的包有:
org.springframework.asm-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.context-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.core-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.expression-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.jdbc-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.web-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.orm-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
由于spring默认开启了日志,还需要加入commons-logging的jar包,否则会报错。
建议不要一次性加入 应该先加最核心的运行代码看缺少什么加什么,这样就不会加多余的包进来了,spring3已经把包按功能分开,不像以前一个包,这样更灵活,只要运行我们需要的功能,而没用到的就不用在硬性的添加进来。
包加好了之后我们开始创建spring应用,创建一个XML文件ApplicationContext.xml(放在src根目录),下面是基本结构
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd'%3E">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> </a><!--在这里面添加beans-->
</beans>
写一个用例来测试一下spring搭建好了没有,创建一个Person类:
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
/* 也可以写get方法这边就不写了,不写也行spring没有要求一定要有 */
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String toString() {
return "name : " + name + " age : " + age; // 重写toString方法以便输出信息
}
}
然后在配置文件,也就是AppliccationContext.xml里面添加bean相关配置,要注意类的包路径(这是值注入,还有接口和构造注入):
<bean id="nike" class="Person" scope="prototype" >
<property name="name" value="XXX"></property>
<property name="age" value="18"></property>
</bean>
再写一个测试类,来进行测试:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
public class testSpring {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
XmlBeanFactory beansfactory = new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("src/ApplicationContext.xml"));
System.out.println(beansfactory);
Person nike = (Person)beansfactory.getBean("nike");
System.out.println(nike);
}
}
运行效果应该看到: name : XXX age : 18
这就证明搭建好了,beans已经自己创建。
第二步:整合hibernate
需要的包如下:
antlr-2.7.6.jar commons-collections-3.1.jar commons-logging-1.1.1.jar dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate3.jar slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar jta-1.1.jar ejb3-persistence.jar
加好之后在spring里面配置hibernate(假定在数据库已经创建了一个叫做myTest的数据库)
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- 定义数据源 -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/><!-- 定义数据库驱动-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mytest?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/><!-- 连接字符串-->
<property name="username" value="root" /><!-- 账号-->
<property name="password" value="root"/><!-- 密码-->
</bean>
<!-- 配置sessionFactory 配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="annotatedClasses" >
<list>
<value>com.neareast.test.Person</value><!-- 定义元素关联,xml文件也可以配置我这边直接用annoration配置 -->
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties"><!--hibernate参数-->
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义DAO-->
<bean id="personDao" class="com.neareast.test.PersonDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
然后修改一下刚才的Person类,并加上注解,就可以用了:
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="person")
public class Person {
@Id
@Column(unique=true,name="id",nullable=false)
private int id ;
@Column(name="name",length=20)
private String name;
@Column(name="age")
private int age;
/*也可以写get方法这边就不写了,不写也行spring没有要求一定要有*/
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
public void setId(int id ){
this.id = id;
}
public void setAge(int age){
this.age=age;
}
public String toString() {
return "name : " + name + " age : " + age;//重写toString方法以便输出信息
}
}
DAO接口中定义了四个简单的方法:
public interface IPersonDao {
public void createPerson(Person person);
public List<Serializable> getAll();
public int count();
public void drop(Person person);
}
其实现如下:
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
public class PersonDao implements IPersonDao {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
@Override
public void createPerson(Person person) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(person);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
}
@Override
public List<Serializable> getAll() {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
String sql = "from Person";
session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery(sql);
return query.list();
}
@Override
public int count() {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
String sql = "from Person";
session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery(sql);
return query.list().size();
}
@Override
public void drop(Person person) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.delete(person);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
}
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
}
然后再写一个简单的用例来测试:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
public class TestHibernate {
public static void main(String[] args) {
XmlBeanFactory beansfactory = new XmlBeanFactory(
new FileSystemResource("src/ApplicationContext.xml"));
PersonDao persondao = (PersonDao) beansfactory.getBean("personDao");
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(123);
person.setName("哈哈哈");
persondao.createPerson(person);
System.out.println(persondao.getAll().size());
}
}
由于数据表设置成自动更新,在没有表的情况下,hibernate会帮我们自动创建表和他们之间的关系。打开mysql客户端 输入:
use mytest;
select * from person;
如果看到我们的数据就证明OK了!
在这我们就已经将hibernate 基本整合好了!
第三步:整合Struts2
引入下列jar包:
struts2-core-2.3.1.2.jar struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.1.2.jar xwork-core-2.3.1.2.jar commons-io-2.0.1.jar commons-lang-2.5.jar
ognl-3.0.4.jar freemarker-2.3.18.jar commons-logging-api-1.1.jar commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar
在WEB-INF目录下,创建并编辑web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SSHBase1.0</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
在src下创建配置文件struts.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!--很重要注明工厂 -->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>
<package name="myPackage" extends="struts-default">
<action name="index">
<result>/index.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- 第一个测试的 -->
<action name="helloAction" class="hello" method="getPerson">
<result name="SUCCESS">/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
接下来,创建相应的Action,(注意此处可能需要手动引入服务器的Server Runtime库),例如:
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private IPersonDao dao;
/*
* 测试方法 spring 值注入顺序是按照配置文件值的顺序注入
*/
public String getPerson() {
System.out.println(dao);
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.getSession().setAttribute("personlist", dao.getAll());
return "SUCCESS";
}
public IPersonDao getDao() {
return dao;
}
public void setDao(IPersonDao dao) {
this.dao = dao;
}
}
然后在spring的配置文件里,配置相应的class bean:
<bean id="hello" class="com.neareast.test.HelloAction">
<property name="dao" ref="personDao"></property>
</bean>
接下来创建个页面来进行测试,可在WebContent下面创建一个hello.jsp页面:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>test OK</title>
</head>
<body>
测试OK
<br>
<a> 姓 :</a>
<label>${personlist}</label>
<br />
</body>
</html>
最后,启动服务器,在浏览器中输入: http://localhost:8080/SSHBase/helloAction,就可以看到我们数据库里的数据了。
至此,最基本的SSH已经整合完毕!
首先创建一个Dynamic web project 输入任意名字如SSHBase。
第一步:加载Spring环境
我们需要引入的包有:
org.springframework.asm-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.context-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.core-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.expression-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.jdbc-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.web-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.orm-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
由于spring默认开启了日志,还需要加入commons-logging的jar包,否则会报错。
建议不要一次性加入 应该先加最核心的运行代码看缺少什么加什么,这样就不会加多余的包进来了,spring3已经把包按功能分开,不像以前一个包,这样更灵活,只要运行我们需要的功能,而没用到的就不用在硬性的添加进来。
包加好了之后我们开始创建spring应用,创建一个XML文件ApplicationContext.xml(放在src根目录),下面是基本结构
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd'%3E">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> </a><!--在这里面添加beans-->
</beans>
写一个用例来测试一下spring搭建好了没有,创建一个Person类:
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
/* 也可以写get方法这边就不写了,不写也行spring没有要求一定要有 */
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String toString() {
return "name : " + name + " age : " + age; // 重写toString方法以便输出信息
}
}
然后在配置文件,也就是AppliccationContext.xml里面添加bean相关配置,要注意类的包路径(这是值注入,还有接口和构造注入):
<bean id="nike" class="Person" scope="prototype" >
<property name="name" value="XXX"></property>
<property name="age" value="18"></property>
</bean>
再写一个测试类,来进行测试:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
public class testSpring {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
XmlBeanFactory beansfactory = new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("src/ApplicationContext.xml"));
System.out.println(beansfactory);
Person nike = (Person)beansfactory.getBean("nike");
System.out.println(nike);
}
}
运行效果应该看到: name : XXX age : 18
这就证明搭建好了,beans已经自己创建。
第二步:整合hibernate
需要的包如下:
antlr-2.7.6.jar commons-collections-3.1.jar commons-logging-1.1.1.jar dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate3.jar slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar jta-1.1.jar ejb3-persistence.jar
加好之后在spring里面配置hibernate(假定在数据库已经创建了一个叫做myTest的数据库)
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- 定义数据源 -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/><!-- 定义数据库驱动-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mytest?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/><!-- 连接字符串-->
<property name="username" value="root" /><!-- 账号-->
<property name="password" value="root"/><!-- 密码-->
</bean>
<!-- 配置sessionFactory 配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="annotatedClasses" >
<list>
<value>com.neareast.test.Person</value><!-- 定义元素关联,xml文件也可以配置我这边直接用annoration配置 -->
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties"><!--hibernate参数-->
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义DAO-->
<bean id="personDao" class="com.neareast.test.PersonDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
然后修改一下刚才的Person类,并加上注解,就可以用了:
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="person")
public class Person {
@Id
@Column(unique=true,name="id",nullable=false)
private int id ;
@Column(name="name",length=20)
private String name;
@Column(name="age")
private int age;
/*也可以写get方法这边就不写了,不写也行spring没有要求一定要有*/
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
public void setId(int id ){
this.id = id;
}
public void setAge(int age){
this.age=age;
}
public String toString() {
return "name : " + name + " age : " + age;//重写toString方法以便输出信息
}
}
DAO接口中定义了四个简单的方法:
public interface IPersonDao {
public void createPerson(Person person);
public List<Serializable> getAll();
public int count();
public void drop(Person person);
}
其实现如下:
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
public class PersonDao implements IPersonDao {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
@Override
public void createPerson(Person person) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(person);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
}
@Override
public List<Serializable> getAll() {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
String sql = "from Person";
session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery(sql);
return query.list();
}
@Override
public int count() {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
String sql = "from Person";
session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery(sql);
return query.list().size();
}
@Override
public void drop(Person person) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.delete(person);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
}
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
}
然后再写一个简单的用例来测试:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
public class TestHibernate {
public static void main(String[] args) {
XmlBeanFactory beansfactory = new XmlBeanFactory(
new FileSystemResource("src/ApplicationContext.xml"));
PersonDao persondao = (PersonDao) beansfactory.getBean("personDao");
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(123);
person.setName("哈哈哈");
persondao.createPerson(person);
System.out.println(persondao.getAll().size());
}
}
由于数据表设置成自动更新,在没有表的情况下,hibernate会帮我们自动创建表和他们之间的关系。打开mysql客户端 输入:
use mytest;
select * from person;
如果看到我们的数据就证明OK了!
在这我们就已经将hibernate 基本整合好了!
第三步:整合Struts2
引入下列jar包:
struts2-core-2.3.1.2.jar struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.1.2.jar xwork-core-2.3.1.2.jar commons-io-2.0.1.jar commons-lang-2.5.jar
ognl-3.0.4.jar freemarker-2.3.18.jar commons-logging-api-1.1.jar commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar
在WEB-INF目录下,创建并编辑web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SSHBase1.0</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
在src下创建配置文件struts.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!--很重要注明工厂 -->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>
<package name="myPackage" extends="struts-default">
<action name="index">
<result>/index.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- 第一个测试的 -->
<action name="helloAction" class="hello" method="getPerson">
<result name="SUCCESS">/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
接下来,创建相应的Action,(注意此处可能需要手动引入服务器的Server Runtime库),例如:
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private IPersonDao dao;
/*
* 测试方法 spring 值注入顺序是按照配置文件值的顺序注入
*/
public String getPerson() {
System.out.println(dao);
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.getSession().setAttribute("personlist", dao.getAll());
return "SUCCESS";
}
public IPersonDao getDao() {
return dao;
}
public void setDao(IPersonDao dao) {
this.dao = dao;
}
}
然后在spring的配置文件里,配置相应的class bean:
<bean id="hello" class="com.neareast.test.HelloAction">
<property name="dao" ref="personDao"></property>
</bean>
接下来创建个页面来进行测试,可在WebContent下面创建一个hello.jsp页面:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>test OK</title>
</head>
<body>
测试OK
<br>
<a> 姓 :</a>
<label>${personlist}</label>
<br />
</body>
</html>
最后,启动服务器,在浏览器中输入: http://localhost:8080/SSHBase/helloAction,就可以看到我们数据库里的数据了。
至此,最基本的SSH已经整合完毕!