一 概述
1.1 场景描述
务场景描述:一个网站,需要用户注册--->发送短信----->发送邮件,这三个步骤,顺序执行。这种方式为同步方式
1.2 同步执行的案例
1.2.1.启动类
@SpringBootApplication
//@EnableAsync //开启异步调用
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
}
}
1.2.3.controller类
package com.ljf.springboot.demos.sync.controller;
import com.ljf.springboot.demos.sync.service.TaskService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @className TaskController
* @Description TODO
* @Author liujianfu
* @Date 2019/3/25 9:48
* @Version 1.0
**/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TaskController {
@Autowired
private TaskService taskService;
@GetMapping(value="/v1")
public String zong() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
taskService.registerUser();;
taskService.sendEmail();
taskService.sendMessage();
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
String str="总耗时:"+(end-start);
return str;
}
}
1.2.4.service层
public interface TaskService {
public void registerUser() throws InterruptedException;
public void sendEmail() throws InterruptedException;
public void sendMessage() throws InterruptedException;
}
1.2.5实现层
@Service
public class TaskServiceImpl implements TaskService{
@Override
public void registerUser() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(1000);
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("注册用户消费:"+(end-start));
}
@Override
public void sendEmail() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(2000);
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("发送邮件消费:"+(end-start));
}
@Override
public void sendMessage() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(3000);
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("发送短信消费:"+(end-start));
}
}
1.2.6 执行结果
注册用户消费:1001
发送邮件消费:2000
发送短信消费:3001
页面查看:
可见是顺序执行的,总时间为三个方法的累积时间。
二.异步执行案例
2.1 异步执行配置步骤
1.启动类里面使用@EnableAsync注解开启功能,自动扫描
2.定义异步任务类并使用@Component标记组件被容器扫描,异步方法加上@Async
注意点:
1)要把异步任务封装到类里面,不能直接写到Controller
2)增加Future<String> 返回结果 AsyncResult<String>("xxxxxx");
3)如果需要拿到结果 需要判断全部的 task.isDone()
2.2 异步执行案例
2.2.1 在启动类中使用@EnableAsync注解开启功能,自动扫描
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync //开启异步调用
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
}
}
2.2.2 controller
2.定义异步任务类并使用@Compent标记组件被容器扫描,异步方法加上@Async
1.要把异步任务封装到类里面,不能直接写到controller
2.增加Future<String> 返回结果 AsyncResult<String>("返回结果");
3.如果需要拿到结果,需要判断全部的的task.isDone();
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TaskController {
@Autowired
private TaskService taskService;
@GetMapping(value="/v1")
public String zong() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Future<String> s1 = taskService.registerUser();;
Future<String> s2 = taskService.sendEmail();
Future<String> s3 = taskService.sendMessage();
// while(!s1.isDone()||!s2.isDone()|| !s3.isDone()){
while(true){
if(s1.isDone()&&s2.isDone()&&s3.isDone()){
break;
}
}
System.out.println(s1.get());
System.out.println(s2.get());
System.out.println(s3.get());
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
String str="总耗时:"+(end-start);
System.out.println(str);
return str;
}
}
2.2.3.service
public interface TaskService {
public Future<String> registerUser() throws InterruptedException;
public Future<String> sendEmail() throws InterruptedException;
public Future<String> sendMessage() throws InterruptedException;
}
2.2.4.实现类
@Service
@Component
public class TaskServiceImpl implements TaskService{
@Override
@Async
public Future<String> registerUser() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(1000);
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
return new AsyncResult<String>("注册用户消费:"+(end-start));
}
@Override
@Async
public Future<String> sendEmail() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(2000);
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
return new AsyncResult<String>("发送邮件消费:"+(end-start));
}
@Override
@Async
public Future<String> sendMessage() throws InterruptedException {
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(3000);
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
return new AsyncResult<String>("发送短信消费:"+(end-start));
}
}
2.2.5 执行结果
注册用户消费:1000
发送邮件消费:2000
发送短信消费:3001
总耗时:3005
页面:
可见分布式异步执行,执行的总时间为3.005秒小于同步执行的时间(1+2+3)的执行时间