预压缩处理图片 options.inJustDecodeBounds = true

    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;//只读取图片，不加载到内存中
        BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file, options);


        options.inSampleSize=computeSampleSize(options, -1, 512*512);//返回合适的inSampleSize值
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;//加载到内存中
        bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file, options);

computeSampleSize 方法

    public static int computeSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
                                        int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) {
        int initialSize = computeInitialSampleSize(options, minSideLength,
                maxNumOfPixels);

        int roundedSize;
        if (initialSize <= 8) {
            roundedSize = 1;
            while (roundedSize < initialSize) {
                roundedSize <<= 1;
            }
        } else {
            roundedSize = (initialSize + 7) / 8 * 8;
        }
        return roundedSize;
    }

    public static int computeInitialSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
                                               int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) {
        double w = options.outWidth;
        double h = options.outHeight;
        int lowerBound = (maxNumOfPixels == -1) ? 1 :
                (int) Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(w * h / maxNumOfPixels));
        int upperBound = (minSideLength == -1) ? 128 :
                (int) Math.min(Math.floor(w / minSideLength),
                        Math.floor(h / minSideLength));

        if (upperBound < lowerBound) {
            // return the larger one when there is no overlapping zone.
            return lowerBound;
        }

        if ((maxNumOfPixels == -1) &&
                (minSideLength == -1)) {
            return 1;
        } else if (minSideLength == -1) {
            return lowerBound;
        } else {
            return upperBound;
        }
    }