CSAPP 第二章 homework

2.57:

void show_short(short s);
void show_long(long long l);
void show_double(double d);
void show_bytes(char *p, int size);

void show_short(short s) {
    printf("the value of short %d is:", s);
    show_bytes((char *)&s, sizeof(short));
}

void show_long(long long l) {
    printf("the value of short %lld is:", l);
    show_bytes((char *)&l, sizeof(long long));
}

void show_double(double d) {
    printf("the value of short %lf is:", d);
    show_bytes((char *)&d, sizeof(double));
}

2.58:

/*
* 1 in little_endian
* *((char *)&i) means :
* 01 00 00 00 ----> 01 
*/
int is_little_endian() {
    int i = 1;
    return *((char *)&i);
}

2.59:

int graft(int x, int y) {
    return (x & 0xff) | (y & ~0xff); //或也可以改成+
}

2.60:

unsigned int graft2(unsigned int x,unsigned char y, int offset) {
    return (x & ~(0xff << (offset << 3))) | (((unsigned int)y) << (offset << 3));
}

2.61:

//A
return !~x;                    
//B
return !x;
//C
return !~((x >> ((sizeof(int) - 1) << 3)); 
//D
return !(x & 0xff);

2.62:

return ~((~0)>>1);        //~0 = -1

2.63:

int sra(int x, int k) {
    //arithmetically
    int xsrl = (unsigned) x >> k;
    unsigned first_bit = x & (0x1 << (sizeof(int) * 8 - 1));
    return xsrl + (((!first_bit) + ~0) << (sizeof(int) * 8 - k));
}

unsigned srl(unsigned x, int k) {
    //logically
    unsigned xsra = (int) x >> k;
    unsigned first_bit = x & (0x1 << (sizeof(int) * 8 - 1));
    return xsra & ~(~0 << (sizeof(int) * 8 - k));
}

2.64:

int any_even_one(unsigned x) {
    return !!(x & 0xaaaaaaaa);
}

2.65:

int even_ones(unsigned x) {
    x ^= (x >> 16);
    x ^= (x >> 8);
    x ^= (x >> 4);
    x ^= (x >> 2);
    x ^= (x >> 1);
    return !(x & 0x1);
}

2.66:

int leftmost_one(unsigned x) {
    x |= x >> 1;
    x |= x >> 2;
    x |= x >> 4;
    x |= x >> 8;
    x |= x >> 16;
    return (x>>1) + 1;
}</