python读书笔记(一)

一，python语法8要素

#!/usr/bin/env python3
print("hello world")

#数据类型
int("45")

str(912)

#[]使用
"Hard Times"[5]

#对象引用
x = "bule"
y = "green"
z = x

#元组使用逗号创建
tuple = ("Denmark", "Finland", "Norway","Sweden")

#in, not in 成员操作符
p = (4, "frog", 9, -33, 9, 2)
2 in p
"dog" not in p

#逻辑运算符 and or not,返回决定结果的操作数，不返回bool值
five = 5
two = 2
zero = 0
five and two
two and five
five and zero

#if语句
lines = 500
if lines < 1000:
    print("small")
elif lines < 10000:
    print("medium")
else :
    print("large")

#while语句
while True:
    item = get_next_item()
    if not item:
        break
    process_item(item)

#for in语句
countries = ["Denmark", "Finland", "Norway","Sweden"]
for countrie in countries:
    print(countrie)

#算数操作符+,-,*,/
5 + 6


#输出print
print("Type interges, each followed by Enter; or just Enter tofinish")

total = 0
count = 0

while True:
    line = input("integer:")
    if line:
        try:
            number = int (line)
        except ValueError as Error:
            print(Error)
            continue
        total += number
        count += 1
    else:
        break

if count:
    print("count = ", count,"total = ", total, "mean = ", total / count)


#函数创建及调用
def get_int(msg):
    while True:
        try:
            i = int(input(msg))
            return i
        except ValueError as err:
            print(err)

age = get_int("enter your age:")

#导入模块improt
import random
x = random.randint(1, 6)
y = random.choice(["apple", "banana", "cherry","durian"])