PyTorch在图像识别中应用的例子

PyTorch在图像识别领域有着广泛的应用，以下是一个简单的PyTorch在图像识别中应用的例子：

目标：使用PyTorch训练一个简单的卷积神经网络（CNN）来识别MNIST手写数字。

1. 环境准备

首先，确保你已经安装了PyTorch和相关的库。如果没有安装，可以使用pip安装：

pip install torch torchvision

2. 导入库和加载数据集

import torch
import torchvision
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
# 加载MNIST数据集
transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize((0.5,), (0.5,))])
trainset = torchvision.datasets.MNIST(root='./data', train=True, download=True, transform=transform)
trainloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(trainset, batch_size=64, shuffle=True, num_workers=2)
testset = torchvision.datasets.MNIST(root='./data', train=False, download=True, transform=transform)
testloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(testset, batch_size=64, shuffle=False, num_workers=2)

3. 定义模型

import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
class SimpleCNN(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SimpleCNN, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 16, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(16, 32, 3, padding=1)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(32 * 10 * 10, 64)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(64, 10)
    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.relu(self.conv1(x))
        x = F.max_pool2d(x, 2, 2)
        x = F.relu(self.conv2(x))
        x = F.max_pool2d(x, 2, 2)
        x = x.view(-1, 32 * 10 * 10)
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = self.fc2(x)
        return x
model = SimpleCNN()

4. 定义损失函数和优化器

criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.001)

5. 训练模型

num_epochs = 5
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    for i, (images, labels) in enumerate(trainloader):
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        outputs = model(images)
        loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        if (i + 1) % 100 == 0:
            print(f'Epoch [{epoch + 1}/{num_epochs}], Step [{i + 1}/{len(trainloader)}], Loss: {loss.item():.4f}')

6. 测试模型

correct = 0
total = 0
with torch.no_grad():
    for images, labels in testloader:
        outputs = model(images)
        _, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, 1)
        total += labels.size(0)
        correct += (predicted == labels).sum().item()
print(f'Accuracy of the network on the 10000 test images: {100 * correct / total}%')

这个例子是一个非常基础的卷积神经网络，用于识别MNIST数据集中的手写数字。你可以根据需要修改模型架构和训练参数，以获得更好的性能。