GCD 中的类型

GCD 中的类型

在 GCD 中涉及的变量类型有：

dispatch_block_t、dispatch_function_t、dispatch_time_t、

dispatch_object_t、dispatch_queue_t、dispatch_group_t 等。

理解这些变量的定义有助于我们理解 GCD 的使用方式以及实现逻辑。

由 dispatch_block_t 的定义 typedef void (^dispatch_block_t)(void); 可知，其就是一个没有参数和返回值的 block 任务代码块。

由 dispatch_function_t 的定义 typedef void (*dispatch_function_t)(void *_Nullable); 可知，其是一个函数指针，所指向的函数没有返回值并且包含一个可为空的指针参数。

由 dispatch_time_t 的定义 typedef uint64_t dispatch_time_t; 可知，其是一个无符号整型 64 位的数值，用来表示时间。

这几个类型的定义较为简单，但是要理解其他类型的定义，要先理解 GCD 中的一些宏。

GCD 中的宏

当对象可用且为 OC 语言时，有如下定义：

#define DISPATCH_DECL(name) OS_OBJECT_DECL_SUBCLASS(name, dispatch_object)

#define OS_OBJECT_DECL_SUBCLASS(name, super) \
		OS_OBJECT_DECL_IMPL(name, <OS_OBJECT_CLASS(super)>)

#define OS_OBJECT_CLASS(name) OS_##name

#define OS_OBJECT_DECL_IMPL(name, ...) \
		OS_OBJECT_DECL_PROTOCOL(name, __VA_ARGS__) \
		typedef NSObject<OS_OBJECT_CLASS(name)> \
				* OS_OBJC_INDEPENDENT_CLASS name##_t

#define OS_OBJECT_DECL_PROTOCOL(name, ...) \
		@protocol OS_OBJECT_CLASS(name) __VA_ARGS__ \
		@end

#if __has_attribute(objc_independent_class)
#define OS_OBJC_INDEPENDENT_CLASS __attribute__((objc_independent_class))
#endif // __has_attribute(objc_independent_class)
#ifndef OS_OBJC_INDEPENDENT_CLASS
#define OS_OBJC_INDEPENDENT_CLASS
#endif

#define OS_OBJECT_DECL_CLASS(name) OS_OBJECT_DECL(name)

#define OS_OBJECT_DECL(name, ...) \
		OS_OBJECT_DECL_IMPL(name, <NSObject>)

---

DISPATCH_DECL(dispatch_group);

现在来一步一步将宏 DISPATCH_DECL(dispatch_group); 替换，如下：

DISPATCH_DECL(dispatch_group); =>

OS_OBJECT_DECL_SUBCLASS(dispatch_group, dispatch_object); =>

OS_OBJECT_DECL_IMPL(dispatch_group, <OS_OBJECT_CLASS(dispatch_object)>); =>

OS_OBJECT_DECL_PROTOCOL(dispatch_group, <OS_dispatch_object>) \
		typedef NSObject<OS_OBJECT_CLASS(dispatch_group)> \
				* OS_OBJC_INDEPENDENT_CLASS dispatch_group_t;

=>

@protocol OS_OBJECT_CLASS(dispatch_group) <OS_dispatch_object> @end \
		typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_group> \
				* dispatch_group_t;

=>

@protocol OS_dispatch_group <OS_dispatch_object> @end \
		typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_group> \
				* dispatch_group_t;

整理得到：

@protocol OS_dispatch_group <OS_dispatch_object> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_group> * dispatch_group_t;

结果得到一个继承了 OS_dispatch_object 协议的 OS_dispatch_group 协议，并且为遵循该协议的实例对象类型定义了一个 dispatch_group_t 别名，那么协议 OS_dispatch_object 又是从何而来呢，接着去找它的定义。

---

OS_OBJECT_DECL_CLASS(dispatch_object);

现在来一步一步将宏 OS_OBJECT_DECL_CLASS(dispatch_object); 替换，如下：

OS_OBJECT_DECL_CLASS(dispatch_object); =>

OS_OBJECT_DECL(dispatch_object);=>

OS_OBJECT_DECL_IMPL(dispatch_object, <NSObject>); =>

OS_OBJECT_DECL_PROTOCOL(dispatch_object, <NSObject>) \
		typedef NSObject<OS_OBJECT_CLASS(dispatch_object)> \
				* OS_OBJC_INDEPENDENT_CLASS dispatch_object_t;

=>

@protocol OS_OBJECT_CLASS(dispatch_object) <NSObject> @end \
		typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_object> \
				* dispatch_object_t;

=>

@protocol OS_dispatch_object <NSObject> @end \
		typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_object> \
				* dispatch_object_t;

最终整理得到：

@protocol OS_dispatch_object <NSObject> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_object> * dispatch_object_t;

可知，定义了一个继承 NSObject 协议的 OS_dispatch_object 协议，并且为遵循该协议的实例对象类型定义了一个别名 dispatch_object_t 。

综上所述，宏 OS_OBJECT_DECL_CLASS(name) 会定义一个继承了 NSObject 协议的协议，协议的名称为 name 添加前缀 OS_ ，并且定义一个表示遵循该协议的实例对象类型的别名，名称为 name 添加后缀 _t。

同样的，宏 DISPATCH_DECL(name) 的功能类似，但是其所定义的协议继承至 OS_dispatch_object 协议。

另外，由 #define DISPATCH_DECL_SUBCLASS(name, base) OS_OBJECT_DECL_SUBCLASS(name, base) 可知，还可以在定义一个协议时，指定其所继承的协议，但是在使用时，要保证指定的 base 协议是已经定义过的。

---

如此，可以轻松得到如下结果：

DISPATCH_DECL(dispatch_queue); =>

@protocol OS_dispatch_queue <OS_dispatch_object> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_queue> * dispatch_queue_t;

DISPATCH_DECL_SUBCLASS(dispatch_queue_global, dispatch_queue); =>

@protocol OS_dispatch_queue_global <OS_dispatch_queue> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_queue_global> * dispatch_queue_global_t;

DISPATCH_DECL_SUBCLASS(dispatch_queue_serial, dispatch_queue); =>

@protocol OS_dispatch_queue_serial <OS_dispatch_queue> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_queue_serial> * dispatch_queue_serial_t;

DISPATCH_DECL_SUBCLASS(dispatch_queue_main, dispatch_queue_serial); =>

@protocol OS_dispatch_queue_main <OS_dispatch_queue_serial> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_queue_main> * dispatch_queue_main_t;

DISPATCH_DECL_SUBCLASS(dispatch_queue_concurrent, dispatch_queue); =>

@protocol OS_dispatch_queue_concurrent <OS_dispatch_queue> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_queue_concurrent> * dispatch_queue_concurrent_t;

DISPATCH_DECL(dispatch_queue_attr); =>

@protocol OS_dispatch_queue_attr <NSObject> 
@end
typedef NSObject<OS_dispatch_queue_attr> * dispatch_queue_attr_t;