ThreadLocal理解

/*
 * Project Name: zksecurity-demo
 * File Name: TreadLocalTest.java
 * Copyright: Copyright(C) 1985-2016 ZKTeco Inc. All rights reserved.
 */
package com.zk.demo.biz;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class TreadLocalTest {

	static ThreadLocal<HashMap> map0 = new ThreadLocal<HashMap>() {
		@Override
		protected HashMap initialValue() {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "initialValue");
			return new HashMap();
		}
	};

	public void run() {
		Thread[] runs = new Thread[3];
		for (int i = 0; i < runs.length; i++) {
			runs[i] = new Thread(new T1(i));
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < runs.length; i++) {
			runs[i].start();
		}
	}

	public static class T1 implements Runnable {
		int id;

		public T1(int id0) {
			id = id0;
		}

		public void run() {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":start");
			HashMap map = map0.get();
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				map.put(i, i + id * 100);
				try {
					Thread.sleep(100);
				}
				catch (Exception ex) {
				}
			}
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ':' + map);
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TreadLocalTest treadLocalTest = new TreadLocalTest();
		treadLocalTest.run();
	}
}

运行结果：

Thread-0:start
Thread-0initialValue
Thread-2:start
Thread-2initialValue
Thread-1:start
Thread-1initialValue
Thread-1:{0=100, 1=101, 2=102, 3=103, 4=104, 5=105, 6=106, 7=107, 8=108, 9=109}
Thread-2:{0=200, 1=201, 2=202, 3=203, 4=204, 5=205, 6=206, 7=207, 8=208, 9=209}
Thread-0:{0=0, 1=1, 2=2, 3=3, 4=4, 5=5, 6=6, 7=7, 8=8, 9=9}

如果你定义了一个单实例的java bean，它有若干属性，但是有一个属性不是线程安全的，比如说HashMap。并且碰巧你并不需要在不同的线程中共享这个属性，也就是说这个属性不存在跨线程的意义。那么你不要sychronize这么复杂的东西，ThreadLocal将是你不错的选择。

可以看到map0 虽然是个静态变量，但是initialValue被调用了三次，通过debug发现，initialValue是从map0.get处发起的。而且每个线程都有自己的map，虽然他们同时执行。