[Java] CountDownLatch和ExecutorService的简单使用
一、前言
- 环境说明:
JDK:1.8
官方API文档:https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/index.html
参考:
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.html
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.html
二、记录
场景说明:
1.模拟多个动物,同时喂食,并记录过程
- 动物接口
package com.demo.thread;
/**
* 动物接口
* */
public interface IAnimal {
/**
* 喂食
* */
public String feeding() throws InterruptedException;
}
- 动物类:狗
package com.demo.thread;
/**
* 狗
* */
public class Dog implements IAnimal {
@Override
public String feeding() throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(3000); // 模拟耗时
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
stringBuffer.append("准备美味的骨头");
stringBuffer.append(" > 开始喂食");
return stringBuffer.toString();
}
}
- 动物类:猫
package com.demo.thread;
/**
* 猫
* */
public class Cat implements IAnimal {
@Override
public String feeding() throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(5000); // 模拟耗时
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
stringBuffer.append("准备美味的小鱼");
stringBuffer.append(" > 开始喂食");
return stringBuffer.toString();
}
}
- 任务类:喂食
package com.demo.thread;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
/**
* 任务类
* */
public class FeedingTask implements Runnable {
private String id;
private IAnimal iAnimal;
private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
private Map<String, String> map; // 结果
// constructor
public FeedingTask(String id, IAnimal iAnimal
, CountDownLatch countDownLatch, Map<String, String> map){
this.id = id;
this.iAnimal = iAnimal;
this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
this.map = map;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 开始时间戳
String flow = iAnimal.feeding(); // 开始喂食
map.put(id, flow); // 记录过程
long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 结束时间戳
System.out.println(id + " exec="+ (end - start) +"ms");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
countDownLatch.countDown(); // 计数器递减
}
}
}
- 主入口
package com.demo.thread;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class MainDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(2); // M 个喂食任务
ExecutorService executorService
= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2); // N 个任务同时执行(线程池)
// Dog Feeding
executorService.execute(new FeedingTask("DOG", new Dog()
, countDownLatch, map));
// Cat Feeding
executorService.execute(new FeedingTask("CAT", new Cat()
, countDownLatch, map));
// 等待所有动物喂食完成(等待计数器归零)
countDownLatch.await();
executorService.shutdown(); // 关闭执行线程池
// 输出结果
System.out.println(map.toString());
}
}
- 输出结果
DOG exec=3000ms
CAT exec=5000ms
{CAT=准备美味的小鱼 > 开始喂食, DOG=准备美味的骨头 > 开始喂食}