贪心法 部分背包问题 结构体数组 FatMouse' Trade

FatMouse’ Trade

题目：FatMouse prepared M pounds of cat food, ready to trade with the cats guarding the warehouse containing his favorite food, JavaBean.
The warehouse has N rooms. The i-th room contains J[i] pounds of JavaBeans and requires F[i] pounds of cat food. FatMouse does not have to trade for all the JavaBeans in the room, instead, he may get J[i]* a% pounds of JavaBeans if he pays F[i]* a% pounds of cat food. Here a is a real number. Now he is assigning this homework to you: tell him the maximum amount of JavaBeans he can obtain.
Input
The input consists of multiple test cases. Each test case begins with a line containing two non-negative integers M and N. Then N lines follow, each contains two non-negative integers J[i] and F[i] respectively. The last test case is followed by two -1’s. All integers are not greater than 1000.
Output
For each test case, print in a single line a real number accurate up to 3 decimal places, which is the maximum amount of JavaBeans that FatMouse can obtain.
Sample Input

5 3
7 2
4 3
5 2
20 3
25 18
24 15
15 10
-1 -1

Sample Output

13.333
31.500    

题目大意是用f交换j，可以不用全部交换，按f%a和j%a来交换，其中每个房间的交换汇率不一样。思路大概是用一个结构体储存j，f，汇率，当然，也可以用三个数组来储存，这样的话在对汇率进行排序时就要将j，f交换到相应的位置。

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn =1024;
struct data
{
int j,f;
double rate;
}room[maxn];
bool operator <(const data&a,const data&b)
{
return a.rate<b.rate;

}

int main()
{
int m,n;

while(~scanf("%d%d",&m,&n),m!=-1&&n!=-1)
{
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
  scanf("%d%d",&room[i].j,&room[i].f);
  room[i].rate=(double)room[i].j/(double)room[i].f;
}
double obtain=0;
sort(room,room+n);
for(int i=n-1;i>=0&&m>=0;i--)
{
  if(m==0)
  break;
  else if(room[i].f<=m)
    {obtain+=room[i].j;
    m-=room[i].f;
    }
  else
  {
    obtain+=m*room[i].rate;
    m=0;
  }

}

printf("%.3lf\n",obtain);


}



}