CountDownLatch学习与分享

CountDownLatch使用场景：

通常使用于多个线程异步执行，之后希望将返回结果转为同步处理，可以说是起到多个线程间的通信。

基于源码进行分析：

CountDownLatch有一下几个方法：

public CountDownLatch(int count) {
    if (count < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("count < 0");
    this.sync = new Sync(count);
}

方法中count为传入的并发线程待执行个数，执行Sync(count)，初始化AbstractQueuedSynchronizer中state值，作为统计个数

Sync(int count) {
    setState(count);
}

执行过程中会调用wait()方法，对以下执行过程进行解释。

public void await() throws InterruptedException {
    sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1);
}

public final void acquireSharedInterruptibly(int arg)
        throws InterruptedException {
    if (Thread.interrupted())
        throw new InterruptedException();
    if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0)
        doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(arg);
}

private void doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(int arg)
    throws InterruptedException {
    final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED);
    boolean failed = true;
    try {
        for (;;) {
            final Node p = node.predecessor();
            if (p == head) {
                int r = tryAcquireShared(arg);
                if (r >= 0) {
                    setHeadAndPropagate(node, r);
                    p.next = null; // help GC
                    failed = false;
                    return;
                }
            }
            if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                parkAndCheckInterrupt())
                throw new InterruptedException();
        }
    } finally {
        if (failed)
            cancelAcquire(node);
    }
}

protected int tryAcquireShared(int acquires) {
    return (getState() == 0) ? 1 : -1;
}

以上执行顺序中doAcquireSharedInterruptibly（）方法，会获取tryAcquireShared（）返回值，tryAcquireShared比较的是当前线程未执行完毕的个数，只有当线程全部执行完毕时，tryAcquireShared返回1，才会退出循环，否则阻塞在for循环中。

中间的参数state即待执行线程个数，通过调用coutDown()方法进行修改，每个线程在执行完毕时调用。

public void countDown() {
    sync.releaseShared(1);
}

public final boolean releaseShared(int arg) {
    if (tryReleaseShared(arg)) {
        doReleaseShared();
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int releases) {
    // Decrement count; signal when transition to zero
    for (;;) {
        int c = getState();
        if (c == 0)
            return false;
        int nextc = c-1;
        if (compareAndSetState(c, nextc))
            return nextc == 0;
    }
}

tryReleaseShared方法会获取当前state进行修改，当所有线程执行完毕时，state值为0，触发doAcquireSharedInterruptibly中循环，int r = tryAcquireShared(arg);r为1，进入if判断，退出循环，释放锁。if判断内容为AQS相关知识，就不详述了，有兴趣可以自行学习。CountDownLatch是AQS的一种实现，有兴趣的再看AQS。

本文梳理CountDownLatch执行流程，具体细节可以自行学习。