Insert Interval
Given a set of non-overlapping intervals, insert a new interval into the intervals (merge if necessary).
You may assume that the intervals were initially sorted according to their start times.
Example 1:
Given intervals [1,3],[6,9], insert and merge [2,5] in as [1,5],[6,9].Example 2:
Given [1,2],[3,5],[6,7],[8,10],[12,16], insert and merge [4,9] in as [1,2],[3,10],[12,16].This is because the new interval [4,9] overlaps with [3,5],[6,7],> [8,10].
Solution1
- 这道题的思路是这样:由于原始的intervals是有序的,所以找到待插入的interval的插入位置,然后往后找interval的右端点能够伸展到哪个地方,并将伸展过程中碰到的原始interval进行合并。思路其实还是很简单的,但是写出来却很容易出错。
public class Solution {
public List<Interval> insert(List<Interval> intervals, Interval newInterval) {
List<Interval> result = new ArrayList<Interval>();
int index = binarySearch(intervals, newInterval.start, 0, intervals.size()-1);
for(int j=0;j<index;j++) result.add(intervals.get(j));
if(index>-1&&intervals.get(index).end>=newInterval.start){
newInterval.start = intervals.get(index).start;
}else if(index>-1) result.add(intervals.get(index));
int i = index+1;
for(;i<intervals.size();i++) if(intervals.get(i).start>newInterval.end) break;
newInterval.end = Math.max(newInterval.end, i>0?intervals.get(i-1).end:newInterval.end);
result.add(newInterval);
for(;i<intervals.size();i++) result.add(intervals.get(i));
return result;
}
public int binarySearch(List<Interval> intervals, int point, int start, int end){//二分法找到待插入的位置
if(start>end) return end;
int mid = (start+end)/2;
if(intervals.get(mid).start<=point&&(mid+1>end||intervals.get(mid+1).start>point)) return mid;
if(intervals.get(mid).start>point) return binarySearch(intervals,point,start,mid-1);
else return binarySearch(intervals,point,mid+1,end);
}
}
Solution2
- 也可以直接在原intervals上直接操作。
public class Solution {
public List<Interval> insert(List<Interval> intervals, Interval newInterval) {
int index = binarySearch(intervals, newInterval.start, 0, intervals.size()-1);
int i = index+1;
for(;i<intervals.size();i++){
if(intervals.get(i).start>newInterval.end) break;
}
newInterval.end = Math.max(newInterval.end, i>0?intervals.get(i-1).end:newInterval.end);
while(--i>index) intervals.remove(index+1);
intervals.add(index+1,newInterval);
if(index>-1&&intervals.get(index).end>=newInterval.start){
newInterval.start = intervals.get(index).start;
intervals.remove(index);
}
return intervals;
}
public int binarySearch(List<Interval> intervals, int point, int start, int end){
if(start>end) return end;
int mid = (start+end)/2;
if(intervals.get(mid).start<=point&&(mid+1>end||intervals.get(mid+1).start>point)) return mid;
if(intervals.get(mid).start>point) return binarySearch(intervals,point,start,mid-1);
else return binarySearch(intervals,point,mid+1,end);
}
}
Solution3
- 实际上,解法一和解法二的二分查找并不会使得时间复杂度降低。不使用二分查找,这道题如此写将会更加清晰易懂。
public class Solution {
public List<Interval> insert(List<Interval> intervals, Interval newInterval) {
List<Interval> result = new ArrayList<Interval>();
int i=0;
for(;i<intervals.size()&&intervals.get(i).end<newInterval.start;i++) result.add(intervals.get(i));
if(i==intervals.size()){
result.add(newInterval);
return result;
}
int j=i;
for(;j<intervals.size()&&intervals.get(j).start<=newInterval.end;j++);
newInterval.start = Math.min(newInterval.start,intervals.get(i).start);
newInterval.end = Math.max(newInterval.end,j>0?intervals.get(j-1).end:newInterval.end);
result.add(newInterval);
for(;j<intervals.size();j++) result.add(intervals.get(j));
return result;
}
}