用MVC实现简单的文件（图片）上传下载功能



 一 实现效果简单说明

上传：上传图片，将图片保存到服务器，并将相关信息写入数据库。

下载：在页面展示图片下载列表的缩略图，点击图片将其加载到本地。

 

二．View Index中代码

<h2>图片上传区</h2>

<hr />

<div>

<!--创建表单-->

<form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">

    <!--此处为扩展方法，跟直接写input 标签一样的效果，参数为标签类型，id,name,value,style-->

   @Html.Raw(Html.GetInputTag("file", "upFile", "upFile","",""))<br /><br /><br />

    @Html.Raw(Html.GetInputTag("submit", "submit", "submit","点击上传",""))

    </form>

<span id="spShowMsg">@ViewData["ShowMsg"]</span>

    </div>

<hr />

<div>

    <h2>图片下载列表</h2><!--后台设置将图片路径保存在了ViewBag.Tag中-->

    @if (ViewBag.Tag!=null&&ViewBag.Tag.Count > 0)

    {

    foreach (KeyValuePair<string,string> item in ViewBag.Tag)

            {

            <a href="@Url.Action("Index","Down")?url=@item.Value"><img  src="@item.Key"/></a>

            }       

    }      

</div>

三．Controller homeController中代码

  public ActionResult Index()

        {

            ViewData["ShowMsg"] = "";

            //获取上传的文件

            if (Request.Files.Count > 0)

            {

                HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files[0];

                //获取文件名称，（考虑兼容）

                string fileName = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);

                string ext = Path.GetExtension(fileName);

                //判断是否为图片，可自行添加后缀名，或者用正则匹配

                if (ext==".jpg"||ext==".gif")

                {

                    //虚拟目录

                    string virtualPath="/PicUpAndDown/"+DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")+"/big/";

                    string smallVirtualPath="/PicUpAndDown/"+DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")+"/small/";

                    //确认是否存在虚拟目录，不存在则创建

                    Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.MapPath(virtualPath)));

                    Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.MapPath(smallVirtualPath)));

                    //拼接存储图片的完整路径

                    string path =Path.Combine( Request.MapPath(virtualPath),fileName);                    

                    string smallPath = Path.Combine(Request.MapPath(smallVirtualPath), fileName);                  

                    //创建缩略图

                    PictureHelper.GetSmallPic(file, smallPath);

                    file.SaveAs(path);

                   //用EF将存储信息保存到数据库，数据库中存储虚拟路径+文件名便于展示

                    EFContext context = new EFContext();

                    PicFile pic = new PicFile() { 

                      PicPath=virtualPath+fileName,

                      SmallPicPath=smallVirtualPath+fileName,

                      FullPicPath=path,

                      FullSmallPicPath=smallPath,

                      CreateTime=DateTime.Now

                    };

                    context.PicFile.Add(pic);

                    context.SaveChanges();

                    ViewData["ShowMsg"] = "图片上传成功";

                    //加载图片

                    LoadPic();

                }

                else

                {

                    //不是图片

                    ViewData["ShowMsg"] = "请上传正确格式的图片";

                    LoadPic();

                }

            }

            else

            {

                LoadPic();

            }                  

            return View();

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 加载图片

        /// </summary>

        public void LoadPic() {

            //加载图片

            EFContext context1 = new EFContext();

           Dictionary<string,string> dic=new Dictionary<string,string> ();

            //从数据库读取所有数据

            var result = context1.PicFile.Select(picture => picture);

            foreach (var item in result)

            {

                //添加到字典

               dic[item.SmallPicPath]=Server.UrlEncode(item.FullPicPath);

            }

            //传递到view中

            ViewBag.Tag = dic;            

        }

四 Controller DownController 中代码

  public ActionResult Index()

        {

            //获取当前请求上下文

            HttpContextBase context = HttpContext;

            //转码成路径

            string str=Server.UrlDecode(Request["url"].ToString());

            //设置报文头，下载而非打开图片

            context.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment;filename=\"{0}\"", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(str)));          

            //下载文件，参数2指定格式

            return File(str, "image/jpeg");

        }

五 其他涉及的类

  //制作缩略图

   public class PictureHelper

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 创建缩略图

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="stream"></param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public static void GetSmallPic(HttpPostedFileBase file, string smallPicPath)

        {

            //根据图片流获取图片

            using (Image img=new Bitmap(file.InputStream))

            {

                int bigWidth = img.Width;

                int bigHeight = img.Height;

                //设定新图片的宽高

                int smallWidth = 150;

                int smallHeight = (int)(bigHeight * 1.0 /bigWidth *smallWidth);

                //创建画布

                using (Image map=new Bitmap (smallWidth,smallHeight))

                {

                    //创建画笔

                    using (Graphics g=Graphics.FromImage(map))

                    {

                        //将大图画在画布上

                        g.DrawImage(img, new Rectangle(0, 0, smallHeight, smallHeight), new Rectangle(0, 0, bigWidth, bigHeight), GraphicsUnit.Pixel);                                              

                    }

                    //将小图片保存

                    map.Save(smallPicPath);

                }          

            }         

        }

    }

/// <summary>

    /// HtmlHelper扩展

    /// </summary>

    public static class MyHtmlHelper

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 生成Input标签的扩展方法

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="helper">待扩展的类的对象</param>

        /// <param name="typeName">标签类型</param>

        /// <param name="id">标签id</param>

        /// <param name="name">标签name</param>

        /// <returns>标签字符串</returns>

        public static string GetInputTag(this HtmlHelper helper,string typeName,string id,string name,string value,string style) {

            return string.Format("<input  type='{0}'  id='{1}' name='{2}' value='{3}' style='{4}'/>", typeName, id, name,value,style);

        }

    }