Android读书笔记（六） OkHttp(GET、POST)、解析XML(Pull、SAX)

1.OkHttp的使用

  使用OkHttp需要添加库到app/build.gradle文件中，如下：

dependencies {
    compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.9.0'
}

GET

        conn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {

                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {

                        try {
                            OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
                            //设置要访问的网络地址
                            Request request = new Request.Builder()
                                    .url("https://www.baidu.com")//http、https
                                    .build();
                            //发送请求并获取数据
                            Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                            //取出数据
                            String data = response.body().string();
                            //进行展示
                            show(data);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }

                    }
                }).start();


            }
        });

POST

            conn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            RequestBody requestBody = new FormBody.Builder()                                                                 
                            .build();   //.add("username","admin").add("psw","123123")                          
                            Request request = new Request.Builder()
                                    .url("https://www.baidu.com")
                                    .post(requestBody)
                                    .build();
                            OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
                            Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                            String data = response.body().string();
                            show(data);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }).start();
            }

---

  为了能直观的看到POST的效果，我在MyEclipse中创建一个Servlet，如下：

public class Conn extends HttpServlet {

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String psw = request.getParameter("psw");
        if (username.equals("admin") && psw.equals("123123")) {
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
            pw.print("通信成功");
        }
    }
}

  更改在Android端的程序，如下：

                  RequestBody requestBody = new FormBody.Builder()
                                    .add("username", "admin")
                                    .add("psw", "123123")
                                    .build();
                  Request request = new Request.Builder()
                         .url("http://192.168.1.108:8080/ConnToAndroid/Conn")
                                    .post(requestBody)
                                    .build();
                            OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
                            Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                            String data = response.body().string();
                            show(data);

效果如下：

2.解析XML

Pull解析方式
  我使用了openFileInput()方法来读取文件，文件放在/data/data/包名/files中,取名为my.xml，内容如下：

<entity>
    <Book>
        <name>机动车驾驶人</name>
        <author>佚名</author>
        <price>0.0</price>
    </Book>
</entity>

  读取文件

        pull_button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                try {
                    //读取文件
                    InputStream inputStream = openFileInput("my.xml");
                    //主要用来修改编码的方式
                    InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new 
                                InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK");
                    BufferedReader buffered = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
                    String s;
                    StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                    while ((s = buffered.readLine()) != null) {

                        stringBuffer.append(s);
                    }
                    buffered.close();
                    parseXMLWithPull(stringBuffer.toString());
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

  解析xml

    private void parseXMLWithPull(String xml) {
        try {
            XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();
            XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = factory.newPullParser();
            xmlPullParser.setInput(new StringReader(xml));
            int type = xmlPullParser.getEventType();
            String name = "";
            String prices = "";
            String author = "";
            while (type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                String node = xmlPullParser.getName();
                switch (type) {
                    case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
                        if ("name".equals(node)) {//是否是name的节点
                            name = xmlPullParser.nextText();//获取节点的具体内容
                        } else if ("author".equals(node)) {
                            author = xmlPullParser.nextText();
                        } else if ("price".equals(node)) {
                            prices = xmlPullParser.nextText();
                        }
                        break;
                    case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
                        //当读取完Book节点时，输出一下获取的内容
                        if ("Book".equals(node)) {
                            Log.i("123123", "name:" + name + ","
                                    + "author:" + author + ","
                                    + "price:" + prices);
                        }
                        break;
                }
                type = xmlPullParser.next();
            }//while
        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

SAX解析方式
  创建一个类，用来继承DefaultHandler。

public class SAXHandle extends DefaultHandler {

    private String nodeName;
    private StringBuilder name;
    private StringBuilder author;
    private StringBuilder price;

    //开始解析XML时调用
    @Override
    public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
        super.startDocument();
        name = new StringBuilder();
        author = new StringBuilder();
        price = new StringBuilder();

    }

    //完成整个XML时调用
    @Override
    public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
        super.endDocument();
    }

    //开始解析某个节点时调用
    @Override
    public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
        super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
        //节点的名称，以便于characters()等方法的使用
        nodeName = localName;
    }

    //完成解析某个节点的时候调用
    @Override
    public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {
        super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);

        if ("Book".equals(localName)) {

            Log.i("123123", "name:" + name.toString().trim()
                    + "author:" + author.toString().trim()
                    + "price:" + price.toString().trim());

            name.setLength(0);
            author.setLength(0);
            price.setLength(0);
        }
    }

    //获取节点内容
    @Override
    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
        super.characters(ch, start, length);
        if ("name".equals(nodeName)) {
            name.append(ch, start, length);
        } else if ("author".equals(nodeName)) {
            author.append(ch, start, length);
        } else if ("price".equals(nodeName)) {
            price.append(ch, start, length);
        }
    }
}

读取xml文件与Pull一样，将读取到的内容给parseXMLWithSAX()方法就可以了。

    private void parseXMLWithSAX(String data) {
        try {
            SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
            XMLReader xmlReader = factory.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();
            SAXHandle saxHandle = new SAXHandle();
            xmlReader.setContentHandler(saxHandle);
            xmlReader.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(data)));
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }