代码之美：多个if...else怎么优化

1.问题

假如让你重构下面这段代码，你会如何实现？用代码说明。（注：后续可能会有type6，type7等，建议基于开闭原则重构。下面代码比较简明，实际工作中重构意义不是很大，目的是让大家掌握思想。)

public void method(int type) {
    if(type==0){
      doA();
    }else if(type==1){
      doB();
    }else if(type==2){
      doC();
    }else if(type==3){
      doD();
    }else if(type==4){
      doE();
    }else if(type==5){
      doF();
    }
}

2.答案

使用策略模式，并交给Spring管理

2.1.定义策略接口

public interface Action {
    public void doAction();
}

2.2.实现不同策略

@Component
public class Action1 implements Action {
    @Override
    public void doAction() {
        System.out.println("=======Action1======");
    }
}

@Component
public class Action2 implements Action {
    @Override
    public void doAction() {
        System.out.println("=======Action2======");
    }
}

2.3.实现抽象策略工厂，生成任意策略方法

public abstract class AbstractStrategyFactory<T> implements ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean {
​
    private Map<String,T> strategyContext;
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
  
    public T getStrategy(String strategyName){
        return (T) this.strategyContext.get(strategyName);
    }
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext=applicationContext;
    }
​
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() {
        Class<T> strategyClass =(Class<T>) ((ParameterizedType) getClass().getGenericSuperclass()).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
        this.strategyContext = this.applicationContext.getBeansOfType(strategyClass);
    }
}

2.4.实现Action策略工厂

@Component
public class ActionFactory extends AbstractStrategyFactory<Action> {
}

2.5.测试

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        ActionFactory af = ac.getBean(ActionFactory.class);
        af.getStrategy("action1").doAction();
        af.getStrategy("action2").doAction();
    }
​```