在结构不变的情况下动态改变对于内部元素的动作
应用:抽象语法树
通用类图:
举例:不同角色的人,来买电脑给出不同的优惠
//电脑
public class Computer {
ComputerPart cpu = new CPU();
ComputerPart memory = new Memory();
ComputerPart board = new Board();
public void acccept(Visitor v) {
this.cpu.accept(v);
this.memory.accept(v);
this.board.accept(v);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
PersonelVisitor p = new PersonelVisitor();
new Computer().acccept(p);
System.out.println(p.totalPrice);
}
}
//电脑组件接口
abstract class ComputerPart {
abstract void accept(Visitor v);
//some other operations eg:getName getBrand
abstract double getPrice();
}
//组件一
class CPU extends ComputerPart {
@Override
void accept(Visitor v) {
v.visitCpu(this);
}
@Override
double getPrice() {
return 500;
}
}
//组件二
class Memory extends ComputerPart {
@Override
void accept(Visitor v) {
v.visitMemory(this);
}
@Override
double getPrice() {
return 300;
}
}
//组件三
class Board extends ComputerPart {
@Override
void accept(Visitor v) {
v.visitBoard(this);
}
@Override
double getPrice() {
return 200;
}
}
//买电脑的角色接口
interface Visitor {
void visitCpu(CPU cpu);
void visitMemory(Memory memory);
void visitBoard(Board board);
}
//角色1
class PersonelVisitor implements Visitor {
double totalPrice = 0.0;
@Override
public void visitCpu(CPU cpu) {
totalPrice += cpu.getPrice()*0.9;
}
@Override
public void visitMemory(Memory memory) {
totalPrice += memory.getPrice()*0.85;
}
@Override
public void visitBoard(Board board) {
totalPrice += board.getPrice()*0.95;
}
}
//角色2
class CorpVisitor implements Visitor {
double totalPrice = 0.0;
@Override
public void visitCpu(CPU cpu) {
totalPrice += cpu.getPrice()*0.6;
}
@Override
public void visitMemory(Memory memory) {
totalPrice += memory.getPrice()*0.75;
}
@Override
public void visitBoard(Board board) {
totalPrice += board.getPrice()*0.75;
}
}
门面模式
要求一个子系统的外部与其内部的通信必须通过一个统一的对象进行。门面模式提供一个高层次的接口,使得子系统更易于使用
public class ClassA {
public void doSomethingA(){
//业务逻辑
}
}p
ublic class ClassB {
public void doSomethingB(){
//业务逻辑
}
}p
ublic class ClassC {
public void doSomethingC(){
//业务逻辑
}
}
public class Facade {
//被委托的对象
private ClassA a = new ClassA();
private ClassB b = new ClassB();
private ClassC c = new ClassC();
//提供给外部访问的方法
public void methodA(){
this.a.doSomethingA();
}
public void methodB(){
this.b.doSomethingB();
}
public void methodC(){
this.c.doSomethingC();
}
}