设计模式（11）：C++桥接模式

一 作用

将抽象部份与它的实现部份分离，使它们都可以独立地变化。将抽象(Abstraction)与实现(Implementation)分离，使得二者可以独立地变化。

二 UML类图

三 举个栗子

Abstraction.h

#ifndef _ABSTRACTION_H_
#define _ABSTRACTION_H_

class AbstractionImplement;

class Abstraction
{
public:
    virtual void Operation()=0;//定义接口，表示该类所支持的操作
    virtual ~Abstraction();
protected:
    Abstraction();
};

class RefinedAbstractionA:public Abstraction
{
public:
    RefinedAbstractionA(AbstractionImplement* imp);//构造函数
    virtual void Operation();//实现接口
    virtual ~RefinedAbstractionA();//析构函数
private:
    AbstractionImplement* _imp;//私有成员
};

class RefinedAbstractionB:public Abstraction
{
public:
    RefinedAbstractionB(AbstractionImplement* imp);//构造函数
    virtual void Operation();//实现接口
    virtual ~RefinedAbstractionB();//析构函数
private:
    AbstractionImplement* _imp;//私有成员
};
#endif

 Abstraction.cpp

#include "Abstraction.h"
#include "AbstractionImplement.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

Abstraction::Abstraction()
{}

Abstraction::~Abstraction()
{}

RefinedAbstractionA::RefinedAbstractionA(AbstractionImplement* imp)
{
    this->_imp = imp;
}

RefinedAbstractionA::~RefinedAbstractionA()
{
    delete this->_imp;
    this->_imp = NULL;
}

void RefinedAbstractionA::Operation()
{
    cout << "RefinedAbstractionA::Operation" << endl;
    this->_imp->Operation();
}

RefinedAbstractionB::RefinedAbstractionB(AbstractionImplement* imp)
{
    this->_imp = imp;
}

RefinedAbstractionB::~RefinedAbstractionB()
{
    delete this->_imp;
    this->_imp = NULL;
}

void RefinedAbstractionB::Operation()
{
    cout << "RefinedAbstractionB::Operation" << endl;
    this->_imp->Operation();
}

 AbstractImplement.h

#ifndef _ABSTRACTIONIMPLEMENT_H_
#define _ABSTRACTIONIMPLEMENT_H_

//抽象基类，定义了实现的接口
class AbstractionImplement
{
public:
    virtual void Operation()=0;//定义操作接口
    virtual ~AbstractionImplement();
protected:
    AbstractionImplement();
};

// 继承自AbstractionImplement,是AbstractionImplement的不同实现之一
class ConcreteAbstractionImplementA:public AbstractionImplement
{
public:
    ConcreteAbstractionImplementA();
    void Operation();//实现操作
    ~ConcreteAbstractionImplementA();
protected:
};

// 继承自AbstractionImplement,是AbstractionImplement的不同实现之一
class ConcreteAbstractionImplementB:public AbstractionImplement
{
public:
    ConcreteAbstractionImplementB();
    void Operation();//实现操作
    ~ConcreteAbstractionImplementB();
protected:
};
#endif

 AbstractImplement.cpp

#include "AbstractionImplement.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

AbstractionImplement::AbstractionImplement()
{}

AbstractionImplement::~AbstractionImplement()
{}

ConcreteAbstractionImplementA::ConcreteAbstractionImplementA()
{}

ConcreteAbstractionImplementA::~ConcreteAbstractionImplementA()
{}

void ConcreteAbstractionImplementA::Operation()
{
    cout << "ConcreteAbstractionImplementA Operation" << endl;
}

ConcreteAbstractionImplementB::ConcreteAbstractionImplementB()
{}

ConcreteAbstractionImplementB::~ConcreteAbstractionImplementB()
{}

void ConcreteAbstractionImplementB::Operation()
{
    cout << "ConcreteAbstractionImplementB Operation" << endl;
}

main.cpp 

#include "Abstraction.h"
#include "AbstractionImplement.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    /* 将抽象部分与它的实现部分分离，使得它们可以独立地变化

    1、抽象Abstraction与实现AbstractionImplement分离;

    2、抽象部分Abstraction可以变化，如new RefinedAbstractionA(imp)、new RefinedAbstractionB(imp2);

    3、实现部分AbstractionImplement也可以变化，如new ConcreteAbstractionImplementA()、new ConcreteAbstractionImplementB();

    */

    AbstractionImplement* imp = new ConcreteAbstractionImplementA();        //实现部分ConcreteAbstractionImplementA
    Abstraction* abs = new RefinedAbstractionA(imp);                        //抽象部分RefinedAbstractionA
    abs->Operation();

    cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;

    AbstractionImplement* imp1 = new ConcreteAbstractionImplementB();        //实现部分ConcreteAbstractionImplementB
    Abstraction* abs1 = new RefinedAbstractionA(imp1);                        //抽象部分RefinedAbstractionA
    abs1->Operation();

    cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;

    AbstractionImplement* imp2 = new ConcreteAbstractionImplementA();        //实现部分ConcreteAbstractionImplementA
    Abstraction* abs2 = new RefinedAbstractionB(imp2);                        //抽象部分RefinedAbstractionB
    abs2->Operation();

    cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;

    AbstractionImplement* imp3 = new ConcreteAbstractionImplementB();        //实现部分ConcreteAbstractionImplementB
    Abstraction* abs3 = new RefinedAbstractionB(imp3);                        //抽象部分RefinedAbstractionB
    abs3->Operation();

    cout << endl;
    return 0;
}