Python Default argument is mutable

引言

不知道小伙伴们有没有遇到过一个问题，就是 Python 编译器提示我们默认参数是可变的情况，这里我们来对这个问题进行一下说明。

正文

先来看一段代码：

def append(number, number_list=[]):
    number_list.append(number)
    print(number_list)
    return number_list


# Below are 3 calls to the `append` function and their expected and actual outputs:
append(5)  # expecting: [5], actual: [5]
append(7)  # expecting: [7], actual: [5, 7]
append(2)  # expecting: [2], actual: [5, 7, 2]
"""
result:
[5]
[5, 7]
[5, 7, 2]
"""

结果很夸张，我们每一次调用，都会累计上次掉用后的结果，很明显会留一个 bug 的隐患给我们。

那么如何解决这个问题呢？只需要将代码改为如下形式即可。

def append(number, number_list=None):
    if number_list is None:
        number_list = []
    number_list.append(number)
    print(number_list)
    return number_list


# Below are 3 calls to the `append` function and their expected and actual outputs:
append(5)  # expecting: [5], actual: [5]
append(7)  # expecting: [7], actual: [5, 7]
append(2)  # expecting: [2], actual: [5, 7, 2]
"""
result:
[5]
[7]
[2]
"""

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