nginx线程池原理

1 数据结构

任务队列的描述：

工作队列的描述：
采用一个int整数来描述：

ngx_uint_t                threads;           // 线程数 

管理组件描述：

2 单个线程池api接口

创建，销毁，抛入任务
创建：1 初始化任务列表 2创建互斥锁 3 创建条件变量 4 创建若干工作线程

具体源码如下：

// 每个工作线程的线程函数
static void *
ngx_thread_pool_cycle(void *data)
{
    ngx_thread_pool_t *tp = data;

    int                 err;
    sigset_t            set;
    ngx_thread_task_t  *task;

#if 0
    ngx_time_update();
#endif

    ngx_log_debug1(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_CORE, tp->log, 0,
                   "thread in pool \"%V\" started", &tp->name);

    sigfillset(&set);

    sigdelset(&set, SIGILL);
    sigdelset(&set, SIGFPE);
    sigdelset(&set, SIGSEGV);
    sigdelset(&set, SIGBUS);

    err = pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, NULL);
    if (err) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, tp->log, err, "pthread_sigmask() failed");
        return NULL;
    }

    // 线程函数循环
    for ( ;; ) {
        // 1 去任务队列取任务，若为空则跳出线程函数
        if (ngx_thread_mutex_lock(&tp->mtx, tp->log) != NGX_OK) {
            return NULL;
        }

        // 2 任务队列有任务,将空闲的计数器-1
        /* the number may become negative */
        tp->waiting--;

        // 3 从任务队列中拿出一个任务,并且唤醒一个线程取消休眠
        while (tp->queue.first == NULL) {
            if (ngx_thread_cond_wait(&tp->cond, &tp->mtx, tp->log)
                != NGX_OK)
            {
                (void) ngx_thread_mutex_unlock(&tp->mtx, tp->log);
                return NULL;
            }
        }

        task = tp->queue.first;
        tp->queue.first = task->next;

        if (tp->queue.first == NULL) {
            tp->queue.last = &tp->queue.first;
        }

        if (ngx_thread_mutex_unlock(&tp->mtx, tp->log) != NGX_OK) {
            return NULL;
        }

#if 0
        ngx_time_update();
#endif

        ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_CORE, tp->log, 0,
                       "run task #%ui in thread pool \"%V\"",
                       task->id, &tp->name);

        task->handler(task->ctx, tp->log);

        ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_CORE, tp->log, 0,
                       "complete task #%ui in thread pool \"%V\"",
                       task->id, &tp->name);

        task->next = NULL;

        ngx_spinlock(&ngx_thread_pool_done_lock, 1, 2048);

        *ngx_thread_pool_done.last = task;
        ngx_thread_pool_done.last = &task->next;

        ngx_memory_barrier();

        ngx_unlock(&ngx_thread_pool_done_lock);

        // 4 处理任务对应的回调函数，真正执行的位置
        (void) ngx_notify(ngx_thread_pool_handler);
    }
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_thread_pool_init(ngx_thread_pool_t *tp, ngx_log_t *log, ngx_pool_t *pool)
{
    int             err;
    pthread_t       tid;
    ngx_uint_t      n;
    pthread_attr_t  attr;

    if (ngx_notify == NULL) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, log, 0,
               "the configured event method cannot be used with thread pools");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    // 1 初始化任务队列
    ngx_thread_pool_queue_init(&tp->queue);

    // 2 创建互斥锁 对于工作线程队列取任务队列需要枷锁
    if (ngx_thread_mutex_create(&tp->mtx, log) != NGX_OK) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    // 3 创建条件变量  用于当任务队列为空时，让线程休眠进入条件变量空闲等待状态，当条件满足时，就唤醒线程
    if (ngx_thread_cond_create(&tp->cond, log) != NGX_OK) {
        (void) ngx_thread_mutex_destroy(&tp->mtx, log);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    tp->log = log;

    err = pthread_attr_init(&attr);
    if (err) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, log, err,
                      "pthread_attr_init() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    err = pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
    if (err) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, log, err,
                      "pthread_attr_setdetachstate() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

#if 0
    err = pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, PTHREAD_STACK_MIN);
    if (err) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, log, err,
                      "pthread_attr_setstacksize() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }
#endif

    // 4 创建工作线程
    for (n = 0; n < tp->threads; n++) {
        err = pthread_create(&tid, &attr, ngx_thread_pool_cycle, tp);
        if (err) {
            ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, log, err,
                          "pthread_create() failed");
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }
    }

    (void) pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);

    return NGX_OK;
}

销毁线程池

static void
ngx_thread_pool_destroy(ngx_thread_pool_t *tp)
{
    ngx_uint_t           n;
    ngx_thread_task_t    task;
    volatile ngx_uint_t  lock;

    ngx_memzero(&task, sizeof(ngx_thread_task_t));

    task.handler = ngx_thread_pool_exit_handler;
    task.ctx = (void *) &lock;

    for (n = 0; n < tp->threads; n++) {
        lock = 1;

        if (ngx_thread_task_post(tp, &task) != NGX_OK) {
            return;
        }

        while (lock) {
            ngx_sched_yield();
        }

        task.event.active = 0;
    }

    (void) ngx_thread_cond_destroy(&tp->cond, tp->log);

    (void) ngx_thread_mutex_destroy(&tp->mtx, tp->log);
}

抛入任务接口

源码如下：

ngx_thread_task_t *
ngx_thread_task_alloc(ngx_pool_t *pool, size_t size)
{
    ngx_thread_task_t  *task;
    task = ngx_pcalloc(pool, sizeof(ngx_thread_task_t) + size);
    if (task == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }
    task->ctx = task + 1;
    return task;
}


ngx_int_t
ngx_thread_task_post(ngx_thread_pool_t *tp, ngx_thread_task_t *task)
{
    if (task->event.active) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, tp->log, 0,
                      "task #%ui already active", task->id);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (ngx_thread_mutex_lock(&tp->mtx, tp->log) != NGX_OK) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (tp->waiting >= tp->max_queue) {
        (void) ngx_thread_mutex_unlock(&tp->mtx, tp->log);

        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, tp->log, 0,
                      "thread pool \"%V\" queue overflow: %i tasks waiting",
                      &tp->name, tp->waiting);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    task->event.active = 1;

    task->id = ngx_thread_pool_task_id++;
    task->next = NULL;

    if (ngx_thread_cond_signal(&tp->cond, tp->log) != NGX_OK) {
        (void) ngx_thread_mutex_unlock(&tp->mtx, tp->log);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    *tp->queue.last = task;
    tp->queue.last = &task->next;

    tp->waiting++;

    (void) ngx_thread_mutex_unlock(&tp->mtx, tp->log);

    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_CORE, tp->log, 0,
                   "task #%ui added to thread pool \"%V\"",
                   task->id, &tp->name);

    return NGX_OK;
}

3 nginx线程池

nginx中是做法是一个进程对应一个线程池。简单的理解为一帧网络数据到达服务器后，nginx服务器开启了多个进程,每个进程都是recv–>parser–>send 将接受和解析全部打成任务抛入到自己对应的线程池中处理。