Asteroid Collision问题及解法

问题描述：

We are given an array asteroids of integers representing asteroids in a row.

For each asteroid, the absolute value represents its size, and the sign represents its direction (positive meaning right, negative meaning left). Each asteroid moves at the same speed.

Find out the state of the asteroids after all collisions. If two asteroids meet, the smaller one will explode. If both are the same size, both will explode. Two asteroids moving in the same direction will never meet.

示例:

Input: 
asteroids = [5, 10, -5]
Output: [5, 10]
Explanation: 
The 10 and -5 collide resulting in 10.  The 5 and 10 never collide.

Input: 
asteroids = [8, -8]
Output: []
Explanation: 
The 8 and -8 collide exploding each other.

Input: 
asteroids = [10, 2, -5]
Output: [10]
Explanation: 
The 2 and -5 collide resulting in -5.  The 10 and -5 collide resulting in 10.

Input: 
asteroids = [-2, -1, 1, 2]
Output: [-2, -1, 1, 2]
Explanation: 
The -2 and -1 are moving left, while the 1 and 2 are moving right.
Asteroids moving the same direction never meet, so no asteroids will meet each other.

问题分析：

相向的陨石碰撞，大体积的消灭小体积的，这个过程我们可以利用stack数据结构来求解。这里利用了vector来模拟栈。

过程详见代码：

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> asteroidCollision(vector<int>& asteroids) {
        vector<int> stk;
		for (auto a : asteroids)
		{
			if (stk.empty())
			{
				stk.push_back(a);
				continue;
			}
			int flg = 0;
			while (!stk.empty())
			{
				int t = stk.back();
				if ((a < 0 && t > 0))
				{
					if (abs(a) > abs(t))
					{
						stk.pop_back();
						flg = 1;
					}
					else if (abs(a) == abs(t))
					{
						stk.pop_back();
						flg = 0;
						break;
					}
					else
					{
						flg = 0;
						break;
					}
				}
				else
				{
					stk.push_back(a);
					flg = 0;
					break;
				}
			}
			if (flg) stk.push_back(a);
		}
		return stk;
    }
};