自定义Java web框架(六)

接续上一篇文章自定义Java web框架(五)
本章主要讲解请求转发到后端之后如何处理的请求转发，也叫路由。
实现思路如下：
我们需要编写一个Servlet，让它来处理所有的请求，从HttpServletRequest对象中获取请求方法与请求路径，通过ControllerHelper#getHandler方法来获取Handler对象。当拿到这个Handler对象之后，可以获取Controller的类，进而通过BeanHelper来获取Controller实例对象，然后获取Action方法，返回View对象或者是Json数据。
首先，封装请求参数对象如下：

public class Param {

    private Map<String, Object> paramMap;

    public Param(Map<String, Object> paramMap) {
        this.paramMap = paramMap;
    }

    /**
     * 根据参数名获取 long 型参数值
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    public long getLong(String name) {
        return CastUtil.castLong(paramMap.get(name));
    }

    /**
     * 获取所有字段信息
     * @return
     */
    public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
        return paramMap;
    }
}

然后，封装返回视图数据如下：

public class View {

    /**
     * 视图路径
     */
    private String path;

    /**
     * 模型数据
     */
    private Map<String, Object> model;

    public View(String path) {
        this.path = path;
        model = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public View adModel(String key, Object value) {
        model.put(key, value);
        return this;
    }

    public String getPath() {
        return path;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getModel() {
        return model;
    }
}

封装返回JSON数据如下：

public class Data {

    private Object model;

    public Data(Object model) {
        this.model = model;
    }

    public Object getModel() {
        return model;
    }
}

核心请求转发器类如下：

public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException {
        //初始化相关 Helper类
        HelperLoader.init();
        //获取ServletContext对象(用于注册Servlet)
        ServletContext servletContext = servletConfig.getServletContext();
        //注册处理JSP的Servlet
        ServletRegistration jspServlet = servletContext.getServletRegistration("jsp");
        jspServlet.addMapping(ConfigHelper.getAppJspPath() + "*");
        //注册处理静态资源的默认servlet
        ServletRegistration defaultServlet = servletContext.getServletRegistration("default");
        defaultServlet.addMapping(ConfigHelper.getAppAssetPath() + "*");
    }

    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求方法与请求路径
        String requestMethod = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();
        String requestPath = request.getPathInfo();
        //获取Action处理器
        Handler handler = ControllerHelper.getHandler(requestMethod, requestPath);
        if (handler != null) {
            //获取 Controller 类及其 Bean实例
            Class<?> controllerClass = handler.getControllerClass();
            Object controllerBean = BeanHelper.getBean(controllerClass);
            // 创建请求参数对象
            Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
            Enumeration<String> paramNames = request.getParameterNames();
            while (paramNames.hasMoreElements()) {
                String paramName = paramNames.nextElement();
                String paramValue = request.getParameter(paramName);
                paramMap.put(paramName, paramValue);
            }
            String body = CodecUtil.decodeURL(StreamUtil.getString(request.getInputStream()));
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(body)) {
                String[] params = StringUtils.split(body, "&");
                if (ArrayUtil.isNotEmpty(params)) {
                    for (String param : params) {
                        String[] array =StringUtils.split(param, "=");
                        if (ArrayUtil.isNotEmpty(array) && array.length == 2) {
                            String paramName = array[0];
                            String paramValue = array[1];
                            paramMap.put(paramName, paramValue);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            Param param = new Param(paramMap);
            //调用Action 方法
            Method actionMethod = handler.getActionMethod();
            Object result = ReflectionUtil.invokeMethod(controllerBean, actionMethod, param);
            if (result instanceof View) {
                //返回 JSP 页面
                View view = (View) result;
                String path = view.getPath();
                if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(path)) {
                    if (path.startsWith("/")) {
                        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + path);
                    } else {
                        Map<String, Object> model = view.getModel();
                        for (Map.Entry<String,Object> entry : model.entrySet()) {
                            request.setAttribute(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
                        }
                        request.getRequestDispatcher(ConfigHelper.getAppJspPath() + path).forward(request, response);
                    }
                } else if (result instanceof Data) {
                    //返回 JSON 数据
                    Data data = (Data) result;
                    Object model = data.getModel();
                    if (model != null) {
                        response.setContentType("application/json");
                        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
                        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
                        String json = JsonUtil.toJson(model);
                        writer.write(json);
                        writer.flush();
                        writer.close();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

相关的工具类如下：

public class CastUtil {


    /**
     * 转为long类型
     * @param obj
     * @return
     */
    public static long castLong(Object obj){
        return CastUtil.castLong(obj,0);
    }

    /**
     * 转为long
     * @param obj
     * @param defaultValue
     * @return
     */
    public static long castLong(Object obj,long defaultValue){
        long value = defaultValue;
        if (obj!=null){
            String strValue = castString(obj);
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(strValue)){
                try{
                    value = Long.parseLong(strValue);
                }catch (NumberFormatException e){
                    value = defaultValue;
                }
            }
        }
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 转为String
     * @param obj
     * @return
     */
    public static String castString(Object obj){
        return CastUtil.castString(obj,"");
    }

    /**
     * 转为String
     * @param obj
     * @param defaultValue
     * @return
     */
    public static String castString(Object obj,String defaultValue){
        return obj!=null?String.valueOf(obj):defaultValue;
    }


}

public final class CodecUtil {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CodecUtil.class);

    /**
     * 将URL编码
     * @param source
     * @return
     */
    public static String encodeURL(String source) {
        String target;
        try {
            target = URLEncoder.encode(source, "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("encode url failure", e);
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return target;
    }

    /**
     * 将URL解码
     * @param source
     * @return
     */
    public static String decodeURL(String source) {
        String target;
        try {
            target = URLDecoder.decode(source, "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("dencode url failure", e);
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return target;
    }
}

public class StreamUtil {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StreamUtil.class);

    /**
     * 从输入流中获取字符串
     * @param inputStream
     * @return
     */
    public static String getString(InputStream inputStream) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("get String failure", e);
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

到这里简单的MVC框架已经完成，接下来需要写些简单的业务功能代码，进一步熟悉下整个处理流程。
代码地址如果本文对您有帮助， 动动小手给个star。