hive的安装以及简单的使用

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-09 11:24:29 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-09 11:24:29 发布

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分类专栏： hadoop 文章标签： hive udf hive的安装

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Hive只在一个节点上安装即可

1.上传tar包

2.解压
   tar -zxvf hive-0.9.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local
3.配置mysql metastore（切换到root用户）
   配置HIVE_HOME环境变量
   rpm -qa | grep mysql
   rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.i686 --nodeps
   rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.1.73-1.glibc23.i386.rpm
   rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.1.73-1.glibc23.i386.rpm
   修改mysql的密码
   /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
   （注意：删除匿名用户，允许用户远程连接）
   登陆mysql
   mysql -u root -p

4.配置hive
   cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
   修改hive-site.xml（删除所有内容，只留一个<property></property>）
   添加如下内容：
   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
      <value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop00:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
      <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
   </property>

   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
      <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
      <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
   </property>

   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
      <value>root</value>
      <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
   </property>

   <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
      <value>123</value>
      <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
   </property>

5.安装hive和mysq完成后，将mysql的连接jar包拷贝到$HIVE_HOME/lib目录下
   如果出现没有权限的问题，在mysql授权(在安装mysql的机器上执行)
   mysql -uroot -p
   #(执行下面的语句 *.*:所有库下的所有表   %：任何IP地址或主机都可以连接)
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6.建表(默认是内部表)
   create table trade_detail(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';
   建分区表
   create table td_part(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) partitioned by (logdate string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';
   建外部表
   create external table td_ext(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' location '/td_ext';

7.创建分区表
   普通表和分区表区别：有大量数据增加的需要建分区表
   create table book (id bigint, name string) partitioned by (pubdate string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

   分区表加载数据
   load data local inpath './book.txt' overwrite into table book partition (pubdate='2010-08-22');

   load data local inpath '/root/data.am' into table beauty partition (nation="USA");

create table trade_detail(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';
create table user_info(id bigint, account string, name string, age int) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

load data local inpath '/home/hadoop/data/trade_detail' overwrite into table trade_detail;
load data local inpath '/home/hadoop/data/user_info' overwrite into table user_info;

create table result row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' as select t1.account, t1.income, t1.expenses, t1.surplus, t2.name from user_info t2 join (select account, sum(income) as income, sum(expenses) as expenses, sum(income-expenses) as surplus from trade_detail group by account) t1 on(t1.account = t2.account);

创建外部表
create external table t_detail(id bigint, account string, income double, expenses double, time string) partitioned by (logdate string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' location '/hive/td_partition';

create temporary function AreaUDF as 'cn.itcast.hive.udf.AreaUDF';

load data inpath '/apache_cleaned/2013-05-31/part-r-00000' into table hmbbs partition (logdate='2018-05-31');

8、hive的UDF的使用

要继承org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.UDF类实现evaluate

自定义函数调用过程：
1.添加jar包（在hive命令行里面执行）
hive> add jar /root/NUDF.jar;

2.创建临时函数
hive> create temporary function getNation as 'cn.yy.hive.udf.NationUDF';

3.调用
hive> select id, name, getNation(nation) from usertable;

4.将查询结果保存到HDFS中
hive> create table result row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' as select * from usertable order by id desc;
hive> select id, getAreaName(id) as name from tel_rec;

create table result row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' as select id, getNation(nation) from usertable;