java mail集成james判断邮件是否发送成功

项目场景：

        java mail集成james邮件服务器，发送邮件时需要判断邮件是否发送成功。我们会发现JavaMail给用户发送邮件，但是调用Transport类的sendMessage方法发送的邮件是没有返回值的，所以判断不了。

        但是我们可以用另一个解决方案，就是采用“系统退信”的方式来达到目的，我们会发现163、qq等邮件发送失败就会“系统退信”。

        

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需求

什么情况下会系统退信

1. 邮箱地址错误或访问不通；
2. 邮箱地址正确，但是用户不存在；

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解决方案：

修改james配置，windows文件路径：james\apps\james\SAR-INF\config.xml，搜索关键字：maxRetries

原内容：

<mailet match="All" class="RemoteDelivery">
	<outgoing>file://var/mail/outgoing/</outgoing>

	<!-- Delivery Schedule based upon RFC 2821, 4.5.4.1 -->
	<!-- 5 day retry period, with 4 attempts in the first
		 hour, two more within the first 6 hours, and then
		 every 6 hours for the rest of the period. -->
	<delayTime>  5 minutes </delayTime>
	<delayTime> 10 minutes </delayTime>
	<delayTime> 45 minutes </delayTime>
	<delayTime>  2 hours </delayTime>
	<delayTime>  3 hours </delayTime>
	<delayTime>  6 hours </delayTime>
	<maxRetries> 25 </maxRetries>

	<!-- The number of threads that should be trying to deliver outgoing messages -->
	<deliveryThreads> 50 </deliveryThreads>

	<!-- If false the message will not be sent to given server if any recipients fail -->
	<sendpartial>false</sendpartial>

	<!-- By default we send bounces to the "bounce" processor -->
	<!-- By removing this configuration James will fallback to hardcoded bounce -->
	<!-- notifications -->
	<bounceProcessor>bounces</bounceProcessor>
</mailet>

修改后的内容：

<mailet match="All" class="RemoteDelivery">
	<outgoing>file://var/mail/outgoing/</outgoing>

	<!-- Delivery Schedule based upon RFC 2821, 4.5.4.1 -->
	<!-- 5 day retry period, with 4 attempts in the first
		 hour, two more within the first 6 hours, and then
		 every 6 hours for the rest of the period. -->
	<delayTime>  0 minutes </delayTime>
	<maxRetries> 0 </maxRetries>

	<!-- The number of threads that should be trying to deliver outgoing messages -->
	<deliveryThreads> 50 </deliveryThreads>

	<!-- If false the message will not be sent to given server if any recipients fail -->
	<sendpartial>false</sendpartial>

	<!-- By default we send bounces to the "bounce" processor -->
	<!-- By removing this configuration James will fallback to hardcoded bounce -->
	<!-- notifications -->
	<bounceProcessor>bounces</bounceProcessor>
</mailet>

其实就是改了delayTime、maxRetries这两个标签

......

<delayTime>  0 minutes </delayTime>
<maxRetries> 0 </maxRetries>


......

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解析：

这段内容就是邮件发送失败，重试的机制，这个outgoing文件夹里面就是需要重试的邮件

delayTime：重试的时间

maxRetries：最大重试次数

所以原来默认是：

5天重试期，第一次尝试4次小时，前6小时内再增加两次，然后在剩余时间内，每6小时一次。

需要重试5天，时间太长了

我们改为了0分钟重试0次

这样可以立刻收到系统退信，当然也可以按自己的需求来改，这里单位只能是minutes和hours，试了0.5minutes和1second都没效果。

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结果：

接收退信，就平时接收邮件一样就行了，在inboxes文件夹

• 邮箱地址错误或访问不通，测试的邮箱地址：test@test.com，系统退信的邮件内容

  Hi. This is the James mail server at XT-PC.
  I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses.
  This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out.  Below
  I include the list of recipients and the reason why I was unable to deliver
  your message.
  
  Failed recipient(s):
  test@test.com
  
  Error message:
  There are no DNS entries for the hostname test.com.  I cannot determine where to send this message.

• 邮箱地址正确，但是用户不存在，测试的邮箱地址：test1111@163.com，系统退信的邮件内容

  Hi. This is the James mail server at XT-PC.
  I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses.
  This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out.  Below
  I include the list of recipients and the reason why I was unable to deliver
  your message.
  
  Failed recipient(s):
  test1111@163.com
  
  Error message:
  550 User not found: test1111@163.com

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总结：

        我试过Java检测网络是否能ping通和Java使用Socket验证邮箱是否存在的方式，结果发现都不能保证100%准确，只有系统退信这种方式是没问题的。

        我这里邮件服务器是james，如果是其他的邮件服务器应该也有类似的配置。