Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'criticalService': Injection of resource dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'criticalDao' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/com/unionx/api/dao/CriticalDao.class]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sqlSessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sqlSessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dataSource' while setting bean property 'dataSource'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'criticalDao' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/com/unionx/api/dao/CriticalDao.class]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sqlSessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sqlSessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dataSource' while setting bean property 'dataSource'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dataSource' while setting bean property 'dataSource'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/ylbs/bigdata-his-api/bigdata-his-api-1.0.jar!/ApplicationContext-mysql.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: 连接超时
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure


原因分析1

当数据库重启数据库空闲连接超过设置的最大timemout时间,数据库会强行断开已有的链接,最大timeout时间可以通过命令show global variables like "wait_timeout";查询:

mysql> show global variables like "wait_timeout";
+---------------+-------+
| VARIABLE_NAME | VALUE |
+---------------+-------+
| wait_timeout  | 28800 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

解决办法1

为了解决这个异常,我们在配置数据库连接池的时候需要做一些检查连接有效性的配置,这里以Druid为例,相关配置如下(更多配置):
| 字段名 | 默认值 | 说明 |
| ----------------------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| validationQuery | | 用来检测连接是否有效的sql,要求是一个查询语句,常用select 'x'。如果validationQuery为null,testOnBorrow、testOnReturn、testWhileIdle都不会起作用。 |
| validationQueryTimeout | | 单位:秒,检测连接是否有效的超时时间。底层调用jdbc Statement对象的void setQueryTimeout(int seconds)方法 |
| testOnBorrow | true | 申请连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效,做了这个配置会降低性能。 |
| testOnReturn | false | 归还连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效,做了这个配置会降低性能。 |
| testWhileIdle | false | 建议配置为true,不影响性能,并且保证安全性。申请连接的时候检测,如果空闲时间大于timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis,执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效。 |
| timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis | 1分钟(1.0.14) | 有两个含义:1) Destroy线程会检测连接的间隔时间,如果连接空闲时间大于等于minEvictableIdleTimeMillis则关闭物理连接。2) testWhileIdle的判断依据,详细看testWhileIdle属性的说明 |

为了避免空闲时间过长超过最大空闲时间而被断开,我们设置三个配置:

validationQuery: SELECT 1
testWhileIdle: true
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 28000

其中timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis需要小于mysql的wait_timeout

但是这种方法无法避免重启的情况,不过一般数据库不会频繁重启,影响不大,如果非得频繁重启,可以通过设置testOnBorrow,即申请连接的时候先试一试连接是否可用,不过带来的影响就是性能降低,需要根据实际需求合理取舍。

原因分析2

是由mysql5数据库的配置引起的。mysql5将其连接的等待时间(wait_timeout)缺省为8小时。在其客户程序中可以这样来查看其值: 

mysql﹥ 

mysql﹥ show global variables like 'wait_timeout'; 

+---------------+---------+ 

| Variable_name | Value | 

+---------------+---------+ 

| wait_timeout | 28800 | 

+---------------+---------+ 

1 row in set (0.00 sec) 


28800 seconds,也就是8小时。 

如果在wait_timeout秒期间内,数据库连接(java.sql.Connection)一直处于等待状态,mysql5就将该连接关闭。这时,你的Java应用的连接池仍然合法地持有该连接的引用。当用该连接来进行数据库操作时,就碰到上述错误。这解释了为什么我的程序第二天不能登录 的问题。 

你可能会想到在tomcat的数据源配置中有没有办法解决?的确,在jdbc连接url的配置中,你可以附上“autoReconnect=true”,但这仅对mysql5以前的版本起作用。增加“validation query”似乎也无济于事。 

本人觉得最简单的办法,就是对症下药:既然问题是由mysql5的全局变量wait_timeout的缺省值太小引起的,我们将其改大就好了。 

解决办法2


查看mysql5的手册,发现对wait_timeout的最大值分别是24天/365天(windows/linux)。以windows为 例,假设我们要将其设为21天,我们只要修改mysql5的配置文件“my.ini”(mysql5 installation dir),增加一行:wait_timeout=1814400 

需要重新启动mysql5。 

linux系统配置文件:/etc/my.cnf 

测试显示问题解决了。 

也可以直接设置 

mysql修改wait_timeout 

  mysql mysql> show global variables like 'wait_timeout'; 

  其默认值为8小时 

  mysql的一个connection空闲时间超过8小时,mysql会自动断开该连接。 

  1.修改配置 

  vi /etc/my.cnf 

  [mysqld] wait_timeout=10 

  # /etc/init.d/mysql restart 

  2.直接用sql命令行修改 mysql> set global wait_timeout=604800; 

除了wait_timeout,还有一个'interactive_timeout' 

同样可以执行SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'interactive_timeout'来查询 

执行set global interactive_timeout=604800;来设置 

3.重启 service mysqld restart


原因分析3

程序所连接的数据源对应的ip:port没有对程序所在的服务器开放,当然这是个很简单的原因,但确实存在!而且这个原因直接导致了 : 
Error creating bean with name XXX

解决办法3

程序所在服务器和数据库所在服务器相互开放对应的端口即可



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