NSString、NSData、char相互转换

NSString 转换成NSData 对象

NSData* newData = [@"testdata" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; 

NSData 转换成NSString对象

NSData * data; 
NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data  encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; 

在iOS底层网络的开发中，会遇到NSData 转 NSString 为空的情况，原因很多，下面的解决方法是针对从服务器传过来的数据中含有非UTF-8字符(主要是UTF-8)的情况。

用libiconv清除非utf8字符
先给项目Link Binaries With Library 添加libiconv.dylib
使用如下函数对NSData进行清理，再进行转换就OK了

-(NSData *)cleanUTF8:(NSData *)data {
  iconv_t cd = iconv_open("UTF-8", "UTF-8"); // 从utf8转utf8
  int one = 1;
  iconvctl(cd, ICONV_SET_DISCARD_ILSEQ, &one); // 丢弃不正确的字符
 
  size_t inbytesleft, outbytesleft;
  inbytesleft = outbytesleft = data.length;
  char *inbuf  = (char *)data.bytes;
  char *outbuf = malloc(sizeof(char) * data.length);
  char *outptr = outbuf;
  if (iconv(cd, &inbuf, &inbytesleft, &outptr, &outbyt