Ribbon简介
负载均衡框架,支持可插拔式的负载均衡规则
支持多种协议,如HTTP、UDP等
提供负载均衡客户端
Ribbon子模块
ribbon-core
ribbon-eureka
ribbon-httpclient
负载均衡器组件
一个负载均衡器,至少提供以下功能:
要维护各个服务器的IP等信息
根据特定逻辑选取服务器
为了实现基本的负载均衡功能,Ribbon的负载均衡器有三大子模块:
Rule
Ping
ServerList
第一个Ribbon程序
实现第一个Ribbon程序
https://gitee.com/wangxuewaii/codes/ilk7sgcx2eozpbw04fh8t62
Ribbon负载均衡器
package com.example.demo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
@SpringBootApplication
public class RibbonUserApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(RibbonUserApplication.class, args);
BaseLoadBalancer lb = new BaseLoadBalancer();
ArrayList<Server> servers = new ArrayList<Server>();
servers.add(new Server("localhost", 8080));
servers.add(new Server("localhost", 8081));
lb.addServers(servers);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Server server = lb.chooseServer(null);
System.out.println(server);
}
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>ribbon-user</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>ribbon-user</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.12.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
自定义负载均衡器
继承IRule
package com.example.demo;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ILoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
public class MyRule implements IRule {
private ILoadBalancer lb;
@Override
public Server choose(Object arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public ILoadBalancer getLoadBalancer() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return this.lb;
}
@Override
public void setLoadBalancer(ILoadBalancer lb) {
this.lb=lb;
}
}
package com.example.demo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
@SpringBootApplication
public class RibbonUserApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(RibbonUserApplication.class, args);
BaseLoadBalancer lb = new BaseLoadBalancer();
MyRule rule = new MyRule();
rule.setLoadBalancer(lb);
lb.setRule(rule);
List<Server> servers = new ArrayList<Server>();
servers.add(new Server("localhost", 8080));
servers.add(new Server("localhost", 8081));
lb.addServers(servers);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Server s = lb.chooseServer(null);
System.out.println(s);
}
}
}
自定义的随机数大于7的就使用8081服务器,小于7就用8080服务器
替换上面的MyRule ,别的不变
package com.example.demo;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ILoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
public class MyRule implements IRule {
private ILoadBalancer lb;
@Override
public Server choose(Object arg0) {
//自定义的随机数大于7的就使用8081服务器,小于7就用8080服务器
Random r = new Random();
int rNum = r.nextInt(10);
List<Server> servers = lb.getAllServers();
if (rNum > 7) {
return getServerByPort(servers, 8081);
}
return getServerByPort(servers, 8080);
}
private Server getServerByPort(List<Server> servers, int port) {
for (Server s : servers) {
if (s.getPort() == port) {
return s;
}
}
return null;
}
@Override
public ILoadBalancer getLoadBalancer() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return this.lb;
}
@Override
public void setLoadBalancer(ILoadBalancer lb) {
this.lb = lb;
}
}
ribbon自定义负载均衡器实现,调用真正的服务实现
https://gitee.com/wangxuewaii/codes/knp01ylhsrj7x5miqb3uc49
Ribbon内置的负载均衡规则
RoundRobinRule
AvailabilityFilteringRule
WeightedResponseTimeRule
ZoneAvoidanceRule
BestAvailableRule
RandomRule
RetryRule