服务行为和异常处理

代码形式发布端点时，可以是多个绑定形式，
服务端代码如下：

  ServiceHost host = null;
        //启动
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //地址
            Uri pipeaddress = new Uri("net.pipe://localhost/NetNamedPipeBinding");
            Uri tcpaddress = new Uri("net.tcp://localhost:8088/TcpBinding");

            //服务宿主对象
            host = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServiceLibrary1.Service1), pipeaddress, tcpaddress);

            //绑定
            NetNamedPipeBinding pb = new NetNamedPipeBinding();
            NetTcpBinding tp = new NetTcpBinding();

            //添加元数据行为
            ServiceMetadataBehavior mBehavior = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
            host.Description.Behaviors.Add(mBehavior);

            //添加元数据端点
            host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IMetadataExchange), MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexNamedPipeBinding(), "mex");
            host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IMetadataExchange), MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexTcpBinding(), "mex");

            //添加服务端点
            host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1), pb, pipeaddress);
            host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1), tp, tcpaddress);

            host.Opened += delegate { lbMsg.Text = "服务已启动！"; };
            host.Open();
        }

        //停止
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (host.State != CommunicationState.Closed)
            {
                host.Close();
            }
            lbMsg.Text = "服务已停止!";
        }

服务端，也可以使用配置文件的形式发布服务：
代码如下：

<system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="WcfServiceLibrary1.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="textBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:8088/tcpBinding"/>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:3200/httpBinding"/>
            <add baseAddress="net.pipe://localhost/pipeBinding"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address="tcpmex" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="IMetaExchange"></endpoint>
        <endpoint address="pipemex" binding="mexNamedPipeBinding" contract="IMetaExchange"></endpoint>

        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1"></endpoint>
        <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1"></endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="textBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata/>
          <serviceDebug/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>

客户端代码如下：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (radioButton1.Checked)
            {
                //namedpipe
                NetNamedPipeBinding np = new NetNamedPipeBinding();
                EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress("net.pipe://localhost/NetNamedPipeBinding");
                ChannelFactory<WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1> factory = new ChannelFactory<WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1>(np,address);
                WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1 pipeChannel = factory.CreateChannel();

                string s = pipeChannel.GetData(3);
                MessageBox.Show(s);
                factory.Close();
            }
            else
            {
                //tcp
                NetTcpBinding tp = new NetTcpBinding();
                EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress("net.tcp://localhost:8088/TcpBinding");
                ChannelFactory<WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1> factory = new ChannelFactory<WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1>(tp, address);
                WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1 tcpChannel = factory.CreateChannel();

                string s = tcpChannel.GetData(4);
                MessageBox.Show(s);
                factory.Close();
            }
        }
}

注意，客户端也可以使用配置文件的方式调用

 <system.serviceModel>
        <bindings>
            <netNamedPipeBinding>
                <binding name="NetNamedPipeBinding_IService1" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
                    transactionFlow="false" transferMode="Buffered" transactionProtocol="OleTransactions"
                    hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" maxBufferPoolSize="524288"
                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxConnections="10" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536">
                    <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
                        maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
                    <security mode="Transport">
                        <transport protectionLevel="EncryptAndSign" />
                    </security>
                </binding>
            </netNamedPipeBinding>
            <netTcpBinding>
                <binding name="NetTcpBinding_IService1" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
                    transactionFlow="false" transferMode="Buffered" transactionProtocol="OleTransactions"
                    hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" listenBacklog="10"
                    maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxBufferSize="65536" maxConnections="10"
                    maxReceivedMessageSize="65536">
                    <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
                        maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
                    <reliableSession ordered="true" inactivityTimeout="00:10:00"
                        enabled="false" />
                    <security mode="Transport">
                        <transport clientCredentialType="Windows" protectionLevel="EncryptAndSign" />
                        <message clientCredentialType="Windows" />
                    </security>
                </binding>
            </netTcpBinding>
        </bindings>
        <client>

            <endpoint address="net.pipe://localhost/NetNamedPipeBinding"
                binding="netNamedPipeBinding" bindingConfiguration="NetNamedPipeBinding_IService1"
                contract="server.IService1" name="NetNamedPipeBinding_IService1">
                <identity>
                    <userPrincipalName value="XP-201104191101\Administrator" />
                </identity>
            </endpoint>

            <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8088/TcpBinding" binding="netTcpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="NetTcpBinding_IService1" contract="server.IService1"
                name="NetTcpBinding_IService1">
                <identity>
                    <userPrincipalName value="XP-201104191101\Administrator" />
                </identity>
            </endpoint>

        </client>
    </system.serviceModel>

服务行为
 服务行为可以修改和控制WCF服务的运行特性。在实现了WCF服务契约后，可以修改服务的很多执行特性。这些行为（或者特性）是通过配置运行时属性或者通过自定义行为来控制的。
 WCF的行为分为两类：
 服务行为（Service Behavior）
 操作行为（Operation Behavior）
行为应用到实现接口的类上

服务行为（Service Behavior）
操作行为（Operation Behavior）

[ServiceBehavior]
public class ServiceClass:IService1
{
   [OperationBehavior]
   public int AddNumber(int x,int y)
   {
    return x+y;
   }
   [OperationBehavior]
   public int SubtractNumber(int x,int y)
   {
    return x-y;
   }
}

[ServiceBehavior]属性
 AutomaticSessionShutdown :用户指定客户端关闭输出会话时，服务端会话会自动关闭
 ConcurrencyMode ：对服务线程的支持：
 IgnoreExtensionDataObject :没有序列化的数据是否可以进行通讯
 IncludeExceptionDetaillnFaults ：如何处理未被处理的异常
 InstanceContextMode ：每次会话是否创建新的实例，且不能共享，是否可以回收，
 ReleaseServiceInstanceOnTransactionComplete
 TransactionAutoCompleteOnSessionClose
 TransactionlsolationLevel
 TtansactionTimeout

[OperationBehavior]属性
 AutoDisposeParameters 指定关联方法的参数是否自动销毁
 ReleaseInstanceMode 操作前后是否回收
 TransactionAutoComplete 指定是否自动提交事务

使用配置指定行为

<serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="WcfService1.Service1Behavior">
          <serviceAuthorization ></serviceAuthorization>
          <serviceTimeouts/>
          <serviceThrottling maxConcurrentCalls="" maxConcurrentInstances="" maxConcurrentSessions=""/>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>

异常处理

 FaultException
 TimeoutException
 CommunicationException

服务端：

public void Divide(int x, int y)
        {
            try 
            {
                int z = x / y;
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                throw new FaultException("试图除零",new FaultCode("除法操作"));
            }
        }

客户端：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            server.Service1Client client = new wcfClient.server.Service1Client();

            try
            {
                client.Divide(3, 2);
                client.Abort();
                client.Divide(3, 2);
            }
            catch (FaultException fe)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(fe.Reason.ToString());
            }
            catch (TimeoutException te)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("调用超时");
            }
            catch (CommunicationException ce)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("通信异常!");
            }
        }