Python 封装之如何隐藏属性 扩展性

继承的顺序从对象，在去类里面，在去父类里面

隐藏

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class A:
    __x=1  #_A__x=1

    def __init__(self,name):
        self.__name = name  #self._A__name='egon'

    def __foo(self):   #def _A__foo(self)
        print('run foo')

    def bar(self):
        #这函数里面,就已经定义正确的调用格式了
        self.__foo()  #self._A__foo()
        print('from bar')

#类名称空间
print(A.__dict__)

#a=A('egon')
#a._A__foo()
#a._A__x
# print(a.__name) #a.__dict__['_A__name']

#a.__foo()#直接报错了
#a.bar()

这种变形的特点
1、在类外部无法直接obj.__AttrName
2、在类内部是可以直接使用 a.bar()
3、子类无法覆盖父类__开头的属性

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class Foo:
    def __func(self):  #_Foo__func
        print('from foo')

class Bar(Foo):
    def __func(self):  #_Bar__func
        print('from bar')

#b=Bar()
#b.func()

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class B:
    __x = 1

    def __init__(self,name):
        self.__name=name  #self._B__name = name


#验证问题二
b = B('egon')
print(b.__dict__)
b.__age = 18
print(b.__dict__)
print(b.__age)

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class A:
    def __foo(self): #_A__foo
        print('A.foo')

    def bar(self):
        print('A.bar')
        self.__foo() #self._A__foo()

class B(A):
    def __foo(self): #_B__foo
        print('B.foo')

b=B()
#我只调用自己类里面的东西
b.bar()

一、封装数据属性：明确的区分内外，控制外部对隐藏的属性的操作行为

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class People:
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.__name=name
        self.__age=age

    def tell_info(self):
        print('Name:<%s> Age:<%s>' %(self.__name,self.__age))

    def set_info(self,name,age):
        if not isinstance(name,str):
            print('名字必须是字符串类型')
            return
        if not isinstance(age,int):
            print('年龄必须是数字类型')
            return
        self.__name=name
        self.__age=age

p=People('egon',18)

p.tell_info()

# p.set_info('EGON',38)
# p.tell_info()

# p.set_info(123,38)
p.set_info('egon','38')
p.tell_info()

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class ATM:
    def __card(self):
        print('插卡')
    def __auth(self):
        print('用户认证')
    def __input(self):
        print('输入取款金额')
    def __print_bill(self):
        print('打印账单')
    def __take_money(self):
        print('取款')

    def withdraw(self):
        self.__card()
        self.__auth()
        self.__input()
        self.__print_bill()
        self.__take_money()

a=ATM()

a.withdraw()

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
class Room:
    def __init__(self,name,owner,weight,length,height):
        self.name=name
        self.owner=owner

        self.__weight=weight
        self.__length=length
        self.__height=height

    #我只想访问房间面价，在类不开一个接口计算面积
    def tell_area(self):
        return self.__weight * self.__length * self.__height

r=Room('卫生间','alex',10,10,10)

# print(r.tell_area())

print(r.tell_area())

1000