python 笔记

python 笔记

python 中不可变对象有 int,string,float,tuple
python 中可变对象有 dict,list

an immutable type（不可变参数）

示例如下，

def try_to_change_string_reference(the_string , *args):
    print('got', the_string)
    the_string = 'In a kingdom by the sea'
    print('set to', the_string  )

outer_string = 'It was many and many a year ago'

print('before, outer_string =', outer_string)
try_to_change_string_reference(outer_string)
print('after, outer_string =', outer_string)

结果显示为

before, outer_string = It was many and many a year ago
got It was many and many a year ago
set to In a kingdom by the sea
after, outer string = It was many and many a year ago

the_string 是外部传进的一个值，是在 try_to_change_string_reference 方法内部分配一个新的字符串，对外部的outer_string不产生影响。

an mutable type（可变参数）

可变参数list ，修改这个list

def try_to_change_list_contents(the_list):
    print('got', the_list)
    the_list.append('four')
    print('changed to', the_list)

outer_list = ['one', 'two', 'three']

print('before, outer_list =', outer_list)
try_to_change_list_contents(outer_list)
print('after, outer_list =', outer_list)

结果显示为 ，

before, outer_list = ['one', 'two', 'three']
got ['one', 'two', 'three']
changed to ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four']
after, outer_list = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four']

改变这个list的引用

def try_to_change_list_reference(the_list):
    print('got', the_list)
    the_list = ['and', 'we', 'can', 'not', 'lie']
    print('set to', the_list)

outer_list = ['we', 'like', 'proper', 'English']

print('before, outer_list =', outer_list)
try_to_change_list_reference(outer_list)
print('after, outer_list =', outer_list)

结果如下

before, outer_list = ['we', 'like', 'proper', 'English']
got ['we', 'like', 'proper', 'English']
set to ['and', 'we', 'can', 'not', 'lie']
after, outer_list = ['we', 'like', 'proper', 'English']

outer_list 作为值传入到方法内，在方法内重新分配一个list ，所以值改变了。