tensorflow(一）：预测线性数据

 预测一个 Y = 0.1 X + 0.3 一次函数。

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np

#测试数据
x_data = np.random.rand(100).astype(np.float32)
y_data = x_data * 0.1 + 0.3

#初始化权重和偏置
Weights = tf.Variable(tf.random.uniform([1],-1.0,1.0))
biases = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]))

#输出激励值
y = Weights * x_data + biases

#设置损失函数
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y - y_data))

#设置SGD 学习率为0.5
optimizer = tf.compat.v1.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5)
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)

#初始化
init = tf.compat.v1.global_variables_initializer()
sess = tf.compat.v1.Session()
sess.run(init)

for step in range(201):
    sess.run(train)
    if step % 20 == 0:
        print(step, sess.run(Weights), sess.run(biases))

测试结果： 

更新了tensorflow2.0

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras import layers
from matplotlib import pyplot

class Linear(tf.keras.Model):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Linear, self).__init__()
        self.W = tf.Variable(5., name='weight')
        self.B = tf.Variable(10., name='bias')
    def call(self, inputs):
        return inputs*self.W + self.B

NUM_EXAMPLES = 2000
training_inputs = tf.random.normal([NUM_EXAMPLES])
print(training_inputs)
noise = tf.random.normal([NUM_EXAMPLES])
training_outputs = training_inputs * 3 + 2 + noise

def loss(model, inputs, targets):
    error = model(inputs) - targets
    return tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(error))

def grad(model, inputs, targets):
    with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
        loss_value = loss(model, inputs, targets)
    return tape.gradient(loss_value, [model.W, model.B])

model = Linear()
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.SGD(learning_rate=0.01)
print("Initial loss: {:.3f}".format(loss(model, training_inputs, training_outputs)))
steps = 300

for i in range(steps):
    grads = grad(model, training_inputs, training_outputs)
    optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads, [model.W, model.B]))
    if i % 20 == 0:
        print("loss at step {:03d}: {:.3f}".format(i, loss(model, training_inputs, training_outputs)))
print("final loss {:.3f}".format(loss(model, training_inputs, training_outputs)))

print("W = {}, B = {}".format(model.W.numpy(), model.B.numpy()))