使用spring过程中需要在web.xml中配置的三种情况

（一）：解决中文乱码问题,在web.xml中加入配置：
<filter>
 

<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
  <filter-class>
    org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
  </filter-class>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

（二）：解决hibernate因Session关闭导致的延迟加载例外（异常），在web.xml中加入配置：
<filter>
  <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter
  </filter-class>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
    <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value><!--这个sessionFactory是Spring配置文件中配置的bean-->
  </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

(三)：解决JPA因EntityManager关闭导致的延迟加载例外（异常），在web.xml中加入配置
<filter>
  <filter-name>SpringOpenEntityManagerI nViewFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>
    org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewF ilter
  </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>SpringOpenEntityManagerI nViewFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>