随机抛硬币

#include "iostream"
#include "ctime"
#include "iomanip"

using namespace std;

const unsigned long maxshort = 65536L;
const unsigned long multiplier = 1194211693L;
const unsigned long adder = 12345L;

class RandomNumber
{
    private:
        unsigned long randSeed;  //当前种子
    public:
        RandomNumber(unsigned long s=0);  //构造函数，默认值0表示由系统自动产生种子
        unsigned short Random(unsigned long n);  //产生0:n-1之间的随机整数
        double fRandom(void);  //产生[0:1)之间的随机实数
};

RandomNumber::RandomNumber(unsigned long s)  //产生种子
{
    if(s==0)
        randSeed = time(0);   //用系统时间产生种子 
    else
        randSeed = s;     //用户提供种子
}

unsigned short RandomNumber::Random(unsigned long n)  //产生0:n-1之间的随机整数
{
    randSeed = multiplier * randSeed + adder;
    return (unsigned short) ((randSeed>>16)%n);  //高16位随机性较好，右移16位后，映射到（0~n-1）范围内
}

double RandomNumber::fRandom(void)  //产生[0,1)之间的随机整数
{
    return Random(maxshort)/double(maxshort);  //产生0~(maxshort-1)间的随机整数，在除以maxshort
}

int TossCoins(int numberCoins)  //随机抛硬币，numberCoins为抛掷次数，返回硬币正面朝上的次数
{
    static RandomNumber coinToss;
    int i, tosses = 0;   //硬币正面朝上的次数
    for(i=0; i<numberCoins; i++)
        tosses += coinToss.Random(2);  //Random(2)表示正面
    return tosses;
}

//模拟随机抛硬币事件
int main() 
{
    const int NCOINS = 10;      //频率
    const long NTOSSES = 50000L;   //模拟事件次数
    long i, heads[NCOINS+1];  //heads[i]是得到i次正面的次数
    int j, position;
    for(j=0; j<=NCOINS; j++)  //初始化heads
        heads[j] = 0;
    for(i=0; i<=NTOSSES; i++)  //重复50000次事件
        heads[TossCoins(NCOINS)]++;
    for(i=0; i<=NCOINS; i++)   //输出频率图
    {
        position = int(float(heads[i])/NTOSSES*72);
        cout<< setw(6) << i << " ";
        for(j=0; j<position-1; j++)
            cout<< " ";
        cout<<"*"<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}