实用：collections中namedtuple,defaultdict,OrderedDict的使用

一. namedtuple命名元组

from collections import namedtuple
Student=namedtuple('student','name age')
Tom=Student('tom',20)
Jerry=Student('jerry',18)
print(1,Tom.name)
print(2,Jerry.name)
print(3,type(Jerry))

运行结果:

1 tom
2 jerry
3 <class '__main__.student'>

from collections import namedtuple
Point=namedtuple('p','x,y')
print(0,type(Point))
p1=Point(4,5)
print(1,p1)
print(2,p1.x)
print(3,p1.y)
print(4,p1.x+p1.y)

运行结果:

0 <class 'type'>
1 p(x=4, y=5)
2 4
3 5
4 9

二. defaultdict默认字典
传统:

d1 = {}

for k in "abcde":
    for v in range(5):
        if k not in d1.keys():
            d1[k] = []
        d1[k].append(v)
print(d1)
print(type(d1))

运行结果:

{'d': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], 'c': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], 'a': [