android自动化测试Uiautomator API分析之一

在测试中,可以对应设备(UiDevice)进行很多操作, 可以检测设备的各种属性，例如当前的屏幕方向以及屏幕尺寸；

同时还可以通过UiDevice实例来执行设备级别的操作，例如 把设备设置为横屏或者竖屏、按下Home按键等

这些操作的具体流程以及逻辑大同小异,以pressHome方法为例来论述其原理。

UiDevice 的pressHome方法如下,

public boolean pressHome() {
Tracer.trace();
waitForIdle();
return getAutomatorBridge().getInteractionController().sendKeyAndWaitForEvent(
   KeyEvent.KEYCODE_HOME, 0, AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED,
                KEY_PRESS_EVENT_TIMEOUT);
    }

getAutomatorBridge方法返回UiAutomatorBridge对象,如下,

UiAutomatorBridge getAutomatorBridge() {
        if (mUiAutomationBridge == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("UiDevice not initialized");
        }
        return mUiAutomationBridge;
    }

ShellUiAutomatorBridge对象在UiAutomatorTestRunner的start方法中创建并赋值给UiDevice的变量mUiAutomationBridge

mUiDevice = UiDevice.getInstance();
mUiDevice.initialize(new ShellUiAutomatorBridge(automationWrapper.getUiAutomation()));

很明显, UiDevice是一个单例,其initialize方法如下,

public void initialize(UiAutomatorBridge uiAutomatorBridge) {
        mUiAutomationBridge = uiAutomatorBridge;
    }

ShellUiAutomatorBridge继承于UiAutomatorBridge。UiAutomatorBridge中的getInteractionController方法如下,

InteractionController getInteractionController() {
        return mInteractionController;
    }

获取的是InteractionController对象,在UiAutomatorBridge的构造方法中实例化,

UiAutomatorBridge(UiAutomation uiAutomation) {
        mUiAutomation = uiAutomation;
        mInteractionController = new InteractionController(this);
        mQueryController = new QueryController(this);
    }

InteractionController的sen