报表设计序列

函数是一个做某项工作的报表设计序列。 你已经知道，每一个程序必须有一个名为main（）的。 然而，大多数程序有很多的功能，他们都类似于主要工作。

通常情况下，你的程序需要，中断暂时做别的事情，它是做什么的。 您在现实生活中做到这一点，所有的时间。 例如，你可能会读一本书时，你还记得你需要拨打一个电话。 你把你的书的书签，使手机通话，当你正在做的电话，你回到你的书，你离开的地方。

C + +程序的工作方式相同。 程序将执行语句顺序一个函数里面，当它遇到一个函数调用。 函数调用是一个表达式，告诉CPU中断当前的功能和执行其他功能。 把CPU的“书签”在当前执行点，然后调用 （执行）在函数调用的函数名为。 当被调用函数结束时，CPU可以追溯到它书签点，并恢复执行。

这里是一个示例程序，说明如何声明，并呼吁新功能：

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//#include <stdafx.h> // Visual Studio users need to uncomment this line #include <iostream>   // Declaration of function DoPrint() void DoPrint() {      using namespace std;  // we need this in each function that uses cout and endl      cout << "In DoPrint()" << endl; }   // Declaration of main() int main() {      using namespace std;  // we need this in each function that uses cout and endl      cout << "Starting main()" << endl;      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      cout << "Ending main()" << endl;      return 0; }

This program produces the following output:

Starting main()
In DoPrint()
Ending main()

This program begins execution at the top of main(), and the first line to be executed prints Starting main() . The second line in main is a function call to DoPrint. At this point, execution of statements in main() is suspended, and the CPU jumps to DoPrint(). The first (and only) line in DoPrint prints In DoPrint() . When DoPrint() terminates, the caller (main()) resumes execution where it left off. Consequently, the next statment executed in main prints Ending main() .

Functions can be called multiple times:

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//#include <stdafx.h> // Visual Studio users need to uncomment this line #include <iostream>   // Declaration of function DoPrint() void DoPrint() {      using namespace std;      cout << "In DoPrint()" << endl; }   // Declaration of main() int main() {      using namespace std;      cout << "Starting main()" << endl;      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      cout << "Ending main()" << endl;      return 0; }

This program produces the following output:

Starting main()
In DoPrint()
In DoPrint()
In DoPrint()
Ending main()

In this case, main() is interrupted 3 times, once for each call to DoPrint().

Main isn’t the only function that can call other functions. In the following example, DoPrint() calls a second function, DoPrint2().

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//#include <stdafx.h> // Visual Studio users need to uncomment this line #include <iostream>   void DoPrint2() {      using namespace std;      cout << "In DoPrint2()" << endl; }   // Declaration of function DoPrint() void DoPrint() {      using namespace std;      cout << "Starting DoPrint()" << endl;      DoPrint2(); // This is a function call to DoPrint2()      DoPrint2(); // This is a function call to DoPrint2()      cout << "Ending DoPrint()" << endl; }   // Declaration of main() int main() {      using namespace std;      cout << "Starting main()" << endl;      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      cout << "Ending main()" << endl;      return 0; }

This program produces the following output:

Starting main()
Starting DoPrint()
In DoPrint2()
In DoPrint2()
Ending DoPrint()
Ending main()

函数是一个做某项工作的报表设计序列。 你已经知道，每一个程序必须有一个名为main（）的。 然而，大多数程序有很多的功能，他们都类似于主要工作。

通常情况下，你的程序需要，中断暂时做别的事情，它是做什么的。 您在现实生活中做到这一点，所有的时间。 例如，你可能会读一本书时，你还记得你需要拨打一个电话。 你把你的书的书签，使手机通话，当你正在做的电话，你回到你的书，你离开的地方。

C + +程序的工作方式相同。 程序将执行语句顺序一个函数里面，当它遇到一个函数调用。 函数调用是一个表达式，告诉CPU中断当前的功能和执行其他功能。 把CPU的“书签”在当前执行点，然后调用 （执行）在函数调用的函数名为。 当被调用函数结束时，CPU可以追溯到它书签点，并恢复执行。

这里是一个示例程序，说明如何声明，并呼吁新功能：

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//#include <stdafx.h> // Visual Studio users need to uncomment this line #include <iostream>   // Declaration of function DoPrint() void DoPrint() {      using namespace std;  // we need this in each function that uses cout and endl      cout << "In DoPrint()" << endl; }   // Declaration of main() int main() {      using namespace std;  // we need this in each function that uses cout and endl      cout << "Starting main()" << endl;      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      cout << "Ending main()" << endl;      return 0; }

This program produces the following output:

Starting main()
In DoPrint()
Ending main()

This program begins execution at the top of main(), and the first line to be executed prints Starting main() . The second line in main is a function call to DoPrint. At this point, execution of statements in main() is suspended, and the CPU jumps to DoPrint(). The first (and only) line in DoPrint prints In DoPrint() . When DoPrint() terminates, the caller (main()) resumes execution where it left off. Consequently, the next statment executed in main prints Ending main() .

Functions can be called multiple times:

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//#include <stdafx.h> // Visual Studio users need to uncomment this line #include <iostream>   // Declaration of function DoPrint() void DoPrint() {      using namespace std;      cout << "In DoPrint()" << endl; }   // Declaration of main() int main() {      using namespace std;      cout << "Starting main()" << endl;      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      cout << "Ending main()" << endl;      return 0; }

This program produces the following output:

Starting main()
In DoPrint()
In DoPrint()
In DoPrint()
Ending main()

In this case, main() is interrupted 3 times, once for each call to DoPrint().

Main isn’t the only function that can call other functions. In the following example, DoPrint() calls a second function, DoPrint2().

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//#include <stdafx.h> // Visual Studio users need to uncomment this line #include <iostream>   void DoPrint2() {      using namespace std;      cout << "In DoPrint2()" << endl; }   // Declaration of function DoPrint() void DoPrint() {      using namespace std;      cout << "Starting DoPrint()" << endl;      DoPrint2(); // This is a function call to DoPrint2()      DoPrint2(); // This is a function call to DoPrint2()      cout << "Ending DoPrint()" << endl; }   // Declaration of main() int main() {      using namespace std;      cout << "Starting main()" << endl;      DoPrint(); // This is a function call to DoPrint()      cout << "Ending main()" << endl;      return 0; }

This program produces the following output:

Starting main()
Starting DoPrint()
In DoPrint2()
In DoPrint2()
Ending DoPrint()
Ending main()