说明:来源课程讲义资料
装饰模式
1、概念
装饰( Decorator )模式又叫做包装模式。通过一种对客户端透明的方式来扩展对象的功能,是继承关系的一个替换方案。
装饰模式就是把要添加的附加功能分别放在单独的类中,并让这个类包含它要装饰的对象,当需要执行时,客户端就可以有选择地、按顺序地使用装饰功能包装对象。
2、类图角色和职责
适用于:
装饰者模式(Decorator Pattern)动态的给一个对象添加一些额外的职责。就增加功能来说,此模式比生成子类更为灵活。
3、案例
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Car
{
public:
virtual void show() = 0;
};
class RunCar : public Car
{
public:
void run(){cout << "可以跑" << endl;}
virtual void show(){run();}
};
class SwimCarDecorator : public Car
{
public:
SwimCarDecorator(Car *p){m_p = p;}
void swim(){cout << "可以游" << endl;}
virtual void show(){m_p->show();swim();}
private:
Car *m_p;
};
class FlyCarDecorator : public Car
{
public:
FlyCarDecorator(Car *p){m_p = p;}
void fly(){cout << "可以飞" << endl;}
virtual void show(){m_p->show();fly();}
private:
Car *m_p;
};
void main()
{
Car *runcar = NULL;
runcar = new RunCar;
runcar->show();
cout <<"车开始装饰swim"<<endl;
SwimCarDecorator *swimCar = new SwimCarDecorator(runcar);
swimCar->show();
cout <<"车开始装饰fly"<<endl;
FlyCarDecorator *flyCar = new FlyCarDecorator(swimCar);
flyCar->show();
delete flyCar;
delete swimCar;
delete runcar;
return ;
}