package com.lzy.tool; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier; import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession; import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; /** * wflinzhiyong@163.com * Created by lzy on 2016/4/14. */ public class ddd { public void Test(String str) throws Exception { URL url = new URL(str); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); SSLSocketFactory oldSocketFactory = null; HostnameVerifier oldHostnameVerifier = null; boolean useHttps = str.startsWith("https"); if (useHttps) { HttpsURLConnection https = (HttpsURLConnection) connection; oldSocketFactory = trustAllHosts(https); oldHostnameVerifier = https.getHostnameVerifier(); https.setHostnameVerifier(DO_NOT_VERIFY); } } /** * 覆盖java默认的证书验证 */ private static final TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager() { public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[]{}; } public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } }}; /** * 设置不验证主机 */ private static final HostnameVerifier DO_NOT_VERIFY = new HostnameVerifier() { public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) { return true; } }; /** * 信任所有 * @param connection * @return */ private static SSLSocketFactory trustAllHosts(HttpsURLConnection connection) { SSLSocketFactory oldFactory = connection.getSSLSocketFactory(); try { SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom()); SSLSocketFactory newFactory = sc.getSocketFactory(); connection.setSSLSocketFactory(newFactory); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return oldFactory; } }
在JSSE中,证书信任管理器类就是实现了接口X509TrustManager的类。我们可以自己实现该接口,让它信任我们指定的证书。
接口X509TrustManager有下述三个公有的方法需要我们实现:
⑴ oid checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException
该方法检查客户端的证书,若不信任该证书则抛出异常。由于我们不需要对客户端进行认证,因此我们只需要执行默认的信任管理器的这个方法。JSSE中,默认的信任管理器类为TrustManager。
⑵ oid checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException
该方法检查服务器的证书,若不信任该证书同样抛出异常。通过自己实现该方法,可以使之信任我们指定的任何证书。在实现该方法时,也可以简单的不做任何处理,即一个空的函数体,由于不会抛出异常,它就会信任任何证书。
⑶ X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
返回受信任的X509证书数组。
自己实现了信任管理器类,如何使用呢?类HttpsURLConnection似乎并没有提供方法设置信任管理器。其实,HttpsURLConnection通过SSLSocket来建立与HTTPS的安全连接,SSLSocket对象是由SSLSocketFactory生成的。HttpsURLConnection提供了方法setSSLSocketFactory(SSLSocketFactory)设置它使用的SSLSocketFactory对象。SSLSocketFactory通过SSLContext对象来获得,在初始化SSLContext对象时,可指定信任管理器对象。下面用一个图简单表示这几个JSSE类的关系:
图1 部分JSSE类的关系图
假设自己实现的X509TrustManager类的类名为:MyX509TrustManager,下面的代码片断说明了如何使用MyX509TrustManager:
//创建SSLContext对象,并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
TrustManager[] tm = {new MyX509TrustManager ()};
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL","SunJSSE");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
//从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
//创建HttpsURLConnection对象,并设置其SSLSocketFactory对象
HttpsURLConnection httpsConn = (HttpsURLConnection)myURL.openConnection();
httpsConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
这样,HttpsURLConnection对象就可以正常连接HTTPS了,无论其证书是否经权威机构的验证,只要实现了接口X509TrustManager的类MyX509TrustManager信任该证书。
小结