JDK5.0新特性系列 使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令

/**
 * 在J2SE5.0之前使用Runtime的exec方法执行本地命令.
 * 在J2Se5.0之后,可以使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令
 * 它提供的功能更加丰富,能够设置设置工作目录、环境变量等
 * 本例PorcessBuilder执行Windows操作系统的"ipconfig/all"命令,获取本机网卡的MAC地址
*/
/**关键技术剖析
 * 用本命令名和命令的参数选项构造ProcessBuilder对象,它的start方法执行命令,启动一个进程,返回一个Process对象
 * ProcessBuilder的environment方法获得运行进程的环境变量,得到一个Map,可以修改环境变量
 * ProcessBuilder的directory方法切换工作目录
 * Process的getInputStream方法获得进程的标准输出流,getErrorStream方法获得进程的错误输出流
*/

public class UsingProcessBuilder {
	public static List<String> getPhysicalAddress(){
		Process p = null;
		List<String> address = new ArrayList<String>(); //物理网卡列表
		try{
			p = new ProcessBuilder("ipconfig","/all").start(); //执行ipconfig/all命令
		}catch(IOException e){
			return address;
		}
		byte[] b = new byte[1024];
		int readbytes = -1;
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		//读取进程输出值
		//在JAVA IO中,输入输出是针对JVM而言,读写是针对外部数据源而言
		InputStream in = p.getInputStream();
		try{
			while((readbytes = in.read(b)) != -1){
				sb.append(new String(b,0,readbytes));
			}
		}catch(IOException e1){
		}finally {
			try{
				in.close();
			}catch (IOException e2){
			}
		}
		//以下是分析输出值,得到物理网卡
		String rtValue = sb.toString();
		int i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");
		while (i > 0){
			rtValue = rtValue.substring(i + "Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :".length());
			address.add(rtValue.substring(1,18));
			i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");
		}

		return address;
	}

	public static boolean executeMyCommand1(){
		//创建系统进程创建器
		ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("myCommand","myArg1","myArg2");
		Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); //获得进程的环境
		//设置和去除环境变量
		env.put("VAR1", "myValue");
		env.remove("VAR0");
		env.put("VAR2", env.get("VAR1") + ";");
		//迭代环境变量,获取属性名和属性值
		Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();
		String sysatt = null;
		while(it.hasNext())
		{
			sysatt = (String)it.next();
			System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));
		}
		pb.directory(new File("C:/temp"));
		try{
			Process p = pb.start(); //得到进程实例
			//等待进程执行完毕
			if(p.waitFor() != 0){
				//如果进程运行结果不为0,表示进程是错误退出的
				//获得进程实例的错误输出
				InputStream error = p.getErrorStream();
				//do something
			}
			InputStream sdin = p.getInputStream(); //获得进程实例的标准输出
			//do something
		}catch(IOException e){
		}catch(InterruptedException e){
		}
		return true;
	}
	
	public static void executeMyCommand2(){
		ProcessBuilder pb = null;
		String sysatt = null;
		try
		{
			//创建一个进程示例
			pb = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe");
			//获取系统参数并打印显示
			Map<String, String> env = pb.environment();
			Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();
			while(it.hasNext())
			{
				sysatt = (String)it.next();
				System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));
			}
			//设置工作目录
			pb.directory(new File("d://myDir"));
			Process p = pb.start();
			//将要执行的Windows命令写入
			BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream()));
			//'/r/n'是必须写入的     
			bw.write("test.bat /r/n");
			bw.write("ping -t www.yahoo.com.cn /r/n");
			//flush()方法是必须调用的
			bw.flush();
			//将执行结果打印显示
			InputStream is = p.getInputStream();
			InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "GBK");
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
			String line;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
			{
				System.out.println(line);
			}
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		List<String> address = UsingProcessBuilder.getPhysicalAddress();
		for(String add : address){
			System.out.printf("物理网卡地址: %s%n",add);
		}
		executeMyCommand1();
		executeMyCommand2();
	}
}