Django项目中多数据库配置遇到的问题

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-04 12:41:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-04 12:41:10 发布

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分类专栏： Django 文章标签： django django多数据库配置 python manage.py migratew运行无效

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012605477/article/details/90448033

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之前的文章配置了mysql和oracle数据库，但是今天切换数据库时发现无论运行什么命令

django自带的一些数据库表都不会被创建，感觉是多数据库的配置有问题

下图是多数据配置的情况下，相关表无法创建到数据库中：

命令显示执行成功，但是数据库中只会创建migrations表，其他的表一个都不会创建

为了排除问题，我就将setting文件中的多数据库配置全部去掉

然后只保留了default的数据库配置，代码如下：

"""
Django settings for multiple_database project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.1.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""
import configparser
import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'qaplf-ft+g$=89ll-p4d8dxit+y_p)jqfr^^b$6)a-#2xrqlwr'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app_Mysql',
    'app_Oracle',
    'app_User'
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'multiple_database.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'multiple_database.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

config_init = configparser.ConfigParser()
config_init.read(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.ini'))

# config_Json = ''
# with open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.json'), 'rt') as f:
#     config_Json = json.load(f)
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'HOST': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "host"),
        'PORT': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "port"),
        'NAME': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "name"),
        'USER': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "user"),
        'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "password")
    },
    # 'db_Oracle': {
    #     'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.oracle',
    #     'HOST': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "host"),
    #     'PORT': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "port"),
    #     'NAME': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "name"),
    #     'USER': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "user"),
    #     'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "password")
    # },
}

# DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['multiple_database.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter']
# # # appName,dbName
# DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {
#     'app_Mysql': 'default',
#     'app_Oracle': 'db_Oracle',
# }


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True


TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
DEFAULT_CHARSET = "utf-8"

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'



# 密码加密规则
# PASSWORD_HASHERS = [
#     'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher',
#     # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher',
#     # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.Argon2PasswordHasher',
#     # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher',
# ]
#
# # 用户权限验证
# AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS =[
#     'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend'
# ]

# 未登录，重定向页面
# LOGIN_URL = '/user/login'

然后删除数据库中所有的表结构，重新执行下面的命令：

python manage.py migrate

然后数据库就会创建我们需要使用到的一些django自带表结构：

当然，多数据还是要继续使用的，于是重新修改setting文件为原来的多数据配置

"""
Django settings for multiple_database project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.1.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""
import configparser
import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'qaplf-ft+g$=89ll-p4d8dxit+y_p)jqfr^^b$6)a-#2xrqlwr'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app_Mysql',
    'app_Oracle',
    'app_User'
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'multiple_database.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'multiple_database.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

config_init = configparser.ConfigParser()
config_init.read(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.ini'))

# config_Json = ''
# with open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.json'), 'rt') as f:
#     config_Json = json.load(f)
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'HOST': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "host"),
        'PORT': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "port"),
        'NAME': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "name"),
        'USER': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "user"),
        'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "password")
    },
    'db_Oracle': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.oracle',
        'HOST': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "host"),
        'PORT': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "port"),
        'NAME': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "name"),
        'USER': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "user"),
        'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "password")
    },
}

DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['multiple_database.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter']
# # appName,dbName
DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {
    'app_Mysql': 'default',
    'app_Oracle': 'db_Oracle',
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True


TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
DEFAULT_CHARSET = "utf-8"

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'



# 密码加密规则
# PASSWORD_HASHERS = [
#     'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher',
#     # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher',
#     # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.Argon2PasswordHasher',
#     # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher',
# ]
#
# # 用户权限验证
# AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS =[
#     'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend'
# ]

# 未登录，重定向页面
# LOGIN_URL = '/user/login'

验证多数据库是否可用，在某个models.py文件中添加以下内容：

from django.db import models


class Demo(models.Model):
    l_unit_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'T_Demo'

执行同步命令：

ok，所需要的表创建成功，所需要的django自带表创建成功

最后发现，如果要使用多数据库，且要使用系统提供的例如admin模块的数据库表时，

则要在多数据库配置前就要把相应的表给生成，否则就会出现，语句打出，数据库不能生成的问题

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Django项目中多数据库配置遇到的问题

之前的文章配置了mysql和oracle数据库，但是今天切换数据库时发现无论运行什么命令django自带的一些数据库表都不会被创建，感觉是多数据库的配置有问题下图是多数据配置的情况下，相关表无法创建到数据库中：命令显示执行成功，但是数据库中只会创建migrations表，其他的表一个都不会创建为了排除问题，我就将setting文件中的多数据库配置全部去掉然后只保留了d...
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