以libevent的sample中的time_test.c为例,在windows下单步调试,分析其基本流程。
//time_test.c源码如下:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <event2/event-config.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <event2/event.h>
#include <event2/event_struct.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
struct timeval lasttime;
int event_is_persistent;
static void
timeout_cb(evutil_socket_t fd, short event, void *arg)
{
struct timeval newtime, difference;
struct event *timeout = arg;
double elapsed;
evutil_gettimeofday(&newtime, NULL);
evutil_timersub(&newtime, &lasttime, &difference);
elapsed = difference.tv_sec +
(difference.tv_usec / 1.0e6);
printf("timeout_cb called at %d: %.3f seconds elapsed.\n",
(int)newtime.tv_sec, elapsed);
lasttime = newtime;
if (! event_is_persistent) {
struct timeval tv;
evutil_timerclear(&tv);
tv.tv_sec = 2;
event_add(timeout, &tv);//对于非永久事件,则再次将其加入到事件处理框架中,否则事件只会被处理一次
}
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct event timeout;
struct timeval tv;
struct event_base *base;
int flags;
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
(void)WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
event_is_persistent = 0;
flags = 0;
/* Initalize the event library */
base = event_base_new();
/* Initalize one event */
event_assign(&timeout, base, -1, flags, timeout_cb, (void*) &timeout);
evutil_timerclear(&tv);
tv.tv_sec = 2;
event_add(&timeout, &tv);
evutil_gettimeofday(&lasttime, NULL);
event_base_dispatch(base);
return (0);
}
由上述代码可知,本例是一个简单的超时事件,但超时时间到达时,调用回调函数输出打印信息,同时由于该事件在main中设置为非永久事件,因此在回调函数中,会再次调用event_add()将事件再次插入到事件处理框架中。
由于本例是一个简单的超时事件,同时通过查看event_base和event的数据结构可知,事件只会出现在小根堆或者激活队列中,也即base的struct min_heap timeheap;和struct event_list *activequeues;
在调用event_add()后,事件被加入到小根堆中,如下所示:event中的min_heap_idx记录其在小根堆中的位置
在调用event_dispatch()后的监听过程中,进入到event_base_loop()循环,然后调用timeout_process()将超时事件从小根堆中移除,并加入到激活队列中,其中event中的ev_pri记录了它的优先级,通过这个参数可以找到其所在的优先级队列
然后在循环中调用event_process_active()处理激活队列中的事件,将事件从激活队列中删除,并调用回调函数
1、首先初始化事件处理框架event_base,event_init()、event_base_new()最终都相当于调用event_base_new_with_config()来创建一个base
struct event_base *
event_init(void)
{
struct event_base *base = event_base_new_with_config</strong>(NULL);
return (base);
}
struct event_base *
event_base_new(void)
{
struct event_base *base = NULL;
struct event_config *cfg = event_config_new();
if (cfg) {
base = event_base_new_with_config(cfg);
event_config_free(cfg);
}
return base;
}
struct event_base *
event_base_new_with_config(const struct event_config *cfg)
{
int i;
struct event_base *base;
int should_check_environment;
if ((base = mm_calloc(1, sizeof(struct event_base))) == NULL) { //分配内存
}
detect_monotonic();
gettime(base, &base->event_tv);
min_heap_ctor(&base->timeheap); //初始化小根堆、事件队列和一些成员变量
TAILQ_INIT(&base->eventqueue);
base->sig.ev_signal_pair[0] = -1;
base->sig.ev_signal_pair[1] = -1;
base->th_notify_fd[0] = -1;
base->th_notify_fd[1] = -1;
event_deferred_cb_queue_init(&base->defer_queue); //初始化延迟队列及相应的通知函数和参数
base->defer_queue.notify_fn = notify_base_cbq_callback;
base->defer_queue.notify_arg = base;
evmap_io_initmap(&base->io);
evmap_signal_initmap(&base->sigmap);
event_changelist_init(&base->changelist);
base->evbase = NULL;
should_check_environment =
!(cfg &&