7.NSDictionary/NSMutableDictionary用法总结

NSDictionary

介绍

• 字典就是关键字及其定义（描述）的集合。Cocoa中的实现字典的集合NSDictionary在给定的关键字（通常是一个NSString）下存储一个数值（可以是任何类型的对象）。然后你就可以用这个关键字来查找相应的数值。
• 不同于数组，字典（也被称为散列表或关联数组）使用的是键查询的优化存储方式。它可以立即找出要查询的数据，而不需要遍历整个数组进行查找。

初始化

    //初始化单对键/值对字典
    NSDictionary * dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"value" forKey:@"key"];

    //初始化多对键/值对字典   直接加一个NSArray也可以
    NSDictionary * dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                          @"value1", @"key1",
                          @"value2", @"key2", 
                          nil];

    //初始化新字典，新字典包含otherDic
    NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary: otherDic];

    //以文件内容初始化字典
    NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile: path];

截取和处理

    //获取个数
    NSInteger count = [dic count];

    //获取所有元素
    NSArray *arr = [dic allValues];

    //获取所有key
    NSArray *arr = [dic allKeys];

NSMutableDictionary

初始化

    //初始化一个空的可变字典
    NSMutableDictionary *dic1 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

    //初始化单对键/值对字典
    NSMutableDictionary *mDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"v3" forKey:@"key3"];

    //初始化多对键/值对字典   直接加一个NSArray也可以
    NSMutableDictionary *mDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: @"v1",@"key1", @"v2",@"key2", nil];

    //将dic2内容给dic1
    [dic1 setDictionary: dic2];

截取和处理

    //获取个数
    NSInteger count = [mDic count];

    //获取所有元素
    NSArray *arr = [mDic allValues];

    //获取所有key
    NSArray *arr = [mDic allKeys];

    //替换key
    [mDic setObject:string4 forKey:@"media"];

    //追加新的key和value
    [mDic setValue: @"value" forKey: @"key"];

    //追加字典到dic尾部
    [mDic addEntriesFromDictionary: dic1];

    //删除全部对象
    [mDic removeAllObjects];

    //删除key（key可以换成NSArray）
    [mDic removeObjectForKey: @"key"];

判断

    //判断两个字典内容是否相同
    BOOL isOK = [dic1 isEqualToDictionary: dic2];

    //判断key是否为nil
    BOOL isOK = [dict objectForKey:@"key"]；

    //判断key对应的value非空
    if(![[dict objectForKey:@"key"] isEqual:[NSNull null]]){  
        // logic  
    }  

遍历

    //for循环
    for (NSString *key in dict) {
        NSLog(@"key: %@ value: %@", key, dict[key]);
    }


    //通过数组获取key
    NSArray *keys = [dic allKeys];

    for (int i=0; i<key.count；i++){
         id key = [keys objectAtIndex:i];
         id obj = [dic objectForKey:key];
         NSLog(@"%@", obj);
    }

    //迭代器
    NSEnumerator *enumerator = [dic keyEnumerator];

    while ((id key = [enumerator nextObject])) {
        id obj = [dic objectForKey:key];
        NSLog(@"%@", obj);
    }