黑马程序员——银行调度系统学习

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模拟实现银行业务调度系统逻辑，具体需求如下：

需求分析可以得知涉及到的对象有NumberMachine（叫号器），ServiceWindow（办公窗口），同时需要管理号码的增加和减少的类NumberManager，由于办公窗口的不同，建立枚举类CustomerType（窗口类）。
NumberMachine（叫号器）实现给客户一个号，进行排队办公。并可以产生普通号，快速号和vip号。

public class NumberMachine {
    
    private NumberMachine(){}
    private static NumberMachine instance = new NumberMachine();
    public static NumberMachine getInstance(){
        return instance;
    }
    
    private NumberManager commonManager = new NumberManager();
    private NumberManager expressManager = new NumberManager();
    private NumberManager vipManager = new NumberManager();
    public NumberManager getCommonManager() {
        return commonManager;
    }
    public NumberManager getExpressManager() {
        return expressManager;
    }
    public NumberManager getVipManager() {
        return vipManager;
    }
    
}

ServiceWindow（办公窗口）实现线程的启动start（），以及普通办公commonService()、快速办公expressService()和会员办公
vipService()。由于快速窗口和vip窗口也办理普通客户，所以两者会调用普通办公方法。

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
/**
 * 没有把VIP窗口和快速窗口做成子类，是因为实际业务中的普通窗口可以随时被设置为VIP窗口和快速窗口。
 * */
public class ServiceWindow {
    private CustomerType type = CustomerType.COMMON;
    private int number = 1;
    public CustomerType getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(CustomerType type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(int number){
        this.number = number;
    }
    
    public void start(){
        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(
                new Runnable(){
                    public void run(){
                        //下面这种写法的运行效率低，最好是把while放在case下面
                        while(true){
                            switch(type){
                                case COMMON:
                                    commonService();
                                    break;
                                case EXPRESS:
                                    expressService();
                                    break;
                                case VIP:
                                    vipService();
                                    break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
        );
    }
    
    private void commonService(){
        String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";       
        System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取普通任务!");
        Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().fetchNumber();       
        if(serviceNumber != null ){
            System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户服务");     
            int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
            int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1 + Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
    
            try {
                Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }   
            System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户服务，总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");     
        }else{
            System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到普通任务，正在空闲一秒");      
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }               
        }
    }
    
    private void expressService(){
        Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().fetchNumber();
        String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";   
        System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取快速任务!");       
        if(serviceNumber !=null){
            System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户服务");         
            int serviceTime = Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
            try {
                Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }       
            System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户服务，总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");     
        }else{
            System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到快速任务！");              
            commonService();
        }
    }
    
    private void vipService(){
        Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().fetchNumber();
        String windowName = "第" + number + "号" + type + "窗口";   
        System.out.println(windowName + "开始获取VIP任务!");            
        if(serviceNumber !=null){
            System.out.println(windowName + "开始为第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户服务");          
            int maxRandom = Constants.MAX_SERVICE_TIME - Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
            int serviceTime = new Random().nextInt(maxRandom)+1 + Constants.MIN_SERVICE_TIME;
            try {
                Thread.sleep(serviceTime);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }       
            System.out.println(windowName + "完成为第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户服务，总共耗时" + serviceTime/1000 + "秒");      
        }else{
            System.out.println(windowName + "没有取到VIP任务！");               
            commonService();
        }   
    }
}

CustomerType（窗口类）有普通类型、快速类型以及vip类型。

public enum CustomerType {
    COMMON,EXPRESS,VIP;
    public String toString(){
        String name = null;
        switch(this){
        case COMMON:
            name = "普通";
            break;
        case EXPRESS:
            name = "快速";
            break;
        case VIP:
            name = name();
            break;
        }
        return name;
    }
}

类NumberManager中一对列队对象queueNumbers实现操作号码变化。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class NumberManager {
    private int lastNumber = 0;
    private List queueNumbers = new ArrayList();
    
    public synchronized Integer generateNewNumber(){
        queueNumbers.add(++lastNumber);
        return lastNumber;
    }
    
    public synchronized Integer fetchNumber(){
        if(queueNumbers.size()>0){
            return (Integer)queueNumbers.remove(0);
        }else{
            return null;
        }
    }
}

以上三类已大致符合现实情况，但是需求服务的普通客户是有一定规律的，故需要类Constants。

public class Constants {
    public static int MAX_SERVICE_TIME = 10000; //10秒！
    public static int MIN_SERVICE_TIME = 1000; //1秒！
    
    /*每个普通窗口服务一个客户的平均时间为5秒，一共有4个这样的窗口，也就是说银行的所有普通窗口合起来
     平均1.25秒内可以服务完一个普通客户，再加上快速窗口和VIP窗口也可以服务普通客户，所以，
     1秒钟产生一个普通客户比较合理，*/    
    public static int COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME = 1;    
}

最后编写一实现类MainClass，查看模拟结果

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
public class MainClass {
    
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("cn.itcast.bankqueue");
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //产生4个普通窗口
        for(int i=1;i<5;i++){
            ServiceWindow window =  new ServiceWindow();
            window.setNumber(i);
            window.start();
        }
    
        //产生1个快速窗口
        ServiceWindow expressWindow =  new ServiceWindow();
        expressWindow.setType(CustomerType.EXPRESS);
        expressWindow.start();
        
        //产生1个VIP窗口        
        ServiceWindow vipWindow =  new ServiceWindow();
        vipWindow.setType(CustomerType.VIP);
        vipWindow.start();      
        
        //普通客户拿号
        Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
                new Runnable(){
                    public void run(){
                        Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getCommonManager().generateNewNumber();
                        /**
                         * 采用logger方式，无法看到直观的运行效果，因为logger.log方法内部并不是直接把内容打印出出来，
                         * 而是交给内部的一个线程去处理，所以，打印出来的结果在时间顺序上看起来很混乱。
                         */
                        //logger.info("第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户正在等待服务！");
                        System.out.println("第" + serviceNumber + "号普通客户正在等待服务！");                      
                    }
                },
                0,
                Constants.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME, 
                TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        
        //快速客户拿号
        Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
                new Runnable(){
                    public void run(){
                        Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getExpressManager().generateNewNumber();
                        System.out.println("第" + serviceNumber + "号快速客户正在等待服务！");
                    }
                },
                0,
                Constants.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME * 2, 
                TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        
        //VIP客户拿号
        Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1).scheduleAtFixedRate(
                new Runnable(){
                    public void run(){
                        Integer serviceNumber = NumberMachine.getInstance().getVipManager().generateNewNumber();
                        System.out.println("第" + serviceNumber + "号VIP客户正在等待服务！");
                    }
                },
                0,
                Constants.COMMON_CUSTOMER_INTERVAL_TIME * 6, 
                TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }
}