1、首先配置SQLServer,打开SQL Server 配置管理器->SQL Server网络配置->MSSQLSERVER的协议,查看TCP/IP是否启用(需设置为已启用),双击TCP/IP后将IP1设置为127.0.0.1,TCP端口设置为1433,IPAll中的TCP端口设置为1433.
2、加载JDBC驱动,下载JDBC驱动(https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sql/connect/jdbc/download-microsoft-jdbc-driver-for-sql-server?view=sql-server-ver15),选择对应的jar,在Classpath中添加驱动jar路径。
3、IDE加载JDBC驱动,右键project名称选择Build Path->Configure Build Path,选择Libraries->Classpath->Add External JARs,找到Classpath中路径下的jar,点击Apply and Close即可。
4、一个简单的测试程序
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
public class DBTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver";
String url = "jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433; DatabaseName=test"; //test为数据库名称
String user = "sa"; //sa为系统登录名
String password = "123456"; //123456为系统登录密码
Connection conn;
Statement stmt;
ResultSet rs;
String sql = "select * from shq_test_6";
try
{
//注册JDBC驱动
Class.forName(JDBC_DRIVER);
// 连接数据库
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
// 建立Statement对象
stmt = conn.createStatement();
// 执行数据库查询语句
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next())
{
String id = rs.getString("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
String sex = rs.getString("sex");
System.out.println("学号 "+id+"姓名 "+name+"性别 "+sex);
}
if (rs != null)
{
rs.close();
rs = null;
}
if (stmt != null)
{
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
}
if (conn != null)
{
conn.close();
conn = null;
}
}
catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("数据库连接失败");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
//处理Class.forName错误
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}