Linux静默安装Oracle方法(centos7+oracle11g)

1、 增加虚拟内存

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapadd bs=1024 count=2006424

mkswap /swapadd

swapon /swapadd

2、 检查依赖包

rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-2.5 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

3、 安装依赖包

yum install compat-libstdc++-33

yum install elfutils-libelf-devel

yum install gcc-c++

yum install glibc-2.5

yum install ksh

yum install libaio

yum install libaio-devel

yum install libstdc++-devel

yum install unixODBC

yum install unixODBC-devel

4、 创建用户和组

 

groupadd oinstall 

groupadd dba 

groupadd asmadmin 

groupadd asmdba 

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle -d /home/oracle 

passwd oracle

 

5、 修改内核参数

 

vim /etc/sysctl.conf  增加或者修改

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

 

6、 修改用户限制

 

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

vim /etc/pam.d/login

session  required   pam_limits.so

vim /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

      ulimit -p 16384

      ulimit -n 65536

      else

      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

   fi

fi

source /etc/profile

 

7、 创建安装目录

 

mkdir -p /u01/app/

chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle 

chmod -R 775 /home/oracle 

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

创建vim /etc/oraInst.loc

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc

chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc

 

8、 设置oracle环境变量

 

su – oracle

vim ~/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

env

 

9、 解压

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

10、复制响应文件模板

su – root

cd /home/oracle/

mkdir etc

cp /home/oracle/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/

chmod 777 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp

11、静默安装Oracle软件

 

su – oracle

vim /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ruo

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

 

12、安装

 

cd database

./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/logs

 

tail -100f installActions*.log

su root

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

 

13、环境变量

 

su - oracle

vi ~/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE

export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib

export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib

export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib

export LIBPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib

export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle

export SPFILE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

 

14、配置网络

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

15、安装数据库

 

vim /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME="orcl.ruo"

SID="orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8"

NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8"

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

 

16、建库后实例检查

ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -l

ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

17、建库后监听检查

lsnrctl status

 

18、.修改oracle启动配置文件

vi /etc/oratab

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

dbstart

dbshut

19、sqlplus / as sysdba

 

conn /as sysdba  连接到数据本地数据

alter user system identified by password;   修改System 密码  为password

已连接。

SQL> alter user system identified by password;

用户已更改。

SQL> alter user sys identified by password;

用户已更改。

SQL> alter user system identified by manger;

解锁方法

alter user system account unlock;

 

Linux下重启Oracle数据库

1、Linux下以Oracle帐户进入Linux系统。

2、执行以下命令查看数据库监听器的状况：

lsnrctl status

3、执行以下命令停止数据库监听器运行：

lsnrctl stop

4、执行以下命令进入SQLPlus：

sqlplus /nolog

conn /as sysdba

shutdown immediate

5、执行以下命令退出SQLPlus：

Exit

6、启动,查看数据库监听器：

lsnrctl start

lsnrctl status

7、启动Oracle数据库：

sqlplus /nolog

conn /as sysdba 或 conn sys/oracle as sysdba

startup