Typescript 中实现 Maybe

Maybe

在haskell里，我们有：

Maybe a = Just a | Nothing

Typescript中实现

class Optional<T> {
    private _isValid: boolean = null;
    private _value: T = null;
    
    constructor (v: T = null) {
        if (v) {
            this._isValid = true;
            this._value = v;
        } else {
            this._isValid = false;
        }
    }

    getValue () {
        return this._value;
    }

    isValid () {
        return this._isValid;
    }
}

// 使用
// 保证返回的是一个Optional对象，而不是Null
// 可以走通整个后续流程
function getPlayerById(id: number): Optional<Player> {
	let player = world.players[i];
	return new Optional(player);
}

function fmap(func, player: Optional<Player>) : Optional<string>;
function fmap_fmap (func, arr: Array<Optional<Player>>): Array<Optional<string>>;

// fmap ::Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
// fmap_fmap = fmap . fmap  :: (Functor f, Functor f1) => (a -> b) -> f1 (f a) -> f1 (f b)