关于使用django orm 时的坑

跨app 时外键报错

class Host(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32, db_index=True)
ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol=“ipv4”, db_index=True)
port = models.IntegerField()
# b = models.ForeignKey(to=“Business”, to_field=‘id’)

class HostToApp(models.Model):
hobj = models.ForeignKey(to=‘Host’, to_field=‘nid’)
aobj = models.ForeignKey(to=‘Application’, to_field=‘id’)

class Application(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

以上 model 都在一个models 文件下时不会报错。 但是一旦出现跨app 时会报以下错误：
users.HostToApp.aobj: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model ‘Application’, which is either not installed, or is abstract.
users.HostToApp.aobj: (fields.E307) The field users.HostToApp.aobj was declared with a lazy reference to ‘users.application’, but app ‘users’ doesn’t provide model ‘application’.

解决方案：
1、
from xxxx.models import Application
2、
class HostToApp(models.Model):
hobj = models.ForeignKey(to=‘Host’, to_field=‘nid’)
aobj = models.ForeignKey(to=‘xxxx.Application’, to_field=‘id’)
第二步很重要