6.2只继承于原型和构造器new F()

 function Shape(){};
 Shape.prototype.name = "shape";
 Shape.prototype.toString = function(){return this.name;};
 
 function TwoDShape(){};
 TwoDShape.prototype = Shape.prototype; //TwoDShape.prototype原型继承Shape.prototype;原型
 TwoDShape.prototype.constructor = TwoDShape; //constructor属性进行重置
 TwoDShape.prototype.name = "2D shape";
 
 function Triangle(side,height){
  this.side = side;
  this.height = height;
 }
 
 Triangle.prototype = TwoDShape.prototype; //Triangle.prototype原型继承TwoDShape.prototype;原型
 Triangle.prototype.constructor = Triangle; //constructor属性进行重置
 Triangle.prototype.name = "Triangle";
 Triangle.prototype.getArea = function(){return this.side*this.height};
 
 var my = new Triangle(5,10);
 my.getArea();
 my.name;

 这样简单的拷贝原型从效率上来说固然会好一些，但是也有副作用，由于采用的都是按引用传递，子对象和父对象指向的是同一个对象，
 所以一旦子对象原型进行了修改，父对象也会随只改变.
 Triangle.prototype.name = "Triangle"; 它对name属性做了修改，所以当我们再次使用new Shape对象的时候 name属性就会是"Triangle"而不是"shape"
 var s = new Shape();
 s.name 输出"Triangle"而不是"shape";
 
 解决方法是创建一个空的构造函数像下面这样：
 创建空的构造函数F()，使F的原型继承自父对象原型,F.prototype = Shape.prototype;
 使子对象的原型继承自构造函数F()的实例,由于F（）继承Shape,所以TwoDShape也继承Shape，由于继承的是实例对象，
 所以改变子对象和父对象中的同名属性不会影响到父对象
 
 function Shape(){};
 Shape.prototype.name = "shape";
 Shape.prototype.toString = function(){return this.name;};
 
 function TwoDShape(){};
 var F = function(){};
 F.prototype = Shape.prototype;
 TwoDShape.prototype = new F();
 TwoDShape.prototype.constructor = TwoDShape; //constructor属性进行重置
 TwoDShape.prototype.name = "2D shape";
 
 function Triangle(side,height){
  this.side = side;
  this.height = height;
 }
 var F = function(){};
 F.prototype = TwoDShape.prototype;
 Triangle.prototype = new F();
 Triangle.prototype.constructor = Triangle; //constructor属性进行重置
 Triangle.prototype.name = "Triangle";
 Triangle.prototype.getArea = function(){return this.side*this.height};
 var s = new Shape();
 s.name;