简单工厂模式与工厂方法模式之间的区别:
简单工厂模式的最大优点在于工厂类中包含了必要的逻辑判断,根据客户端的选择条件动态实例化相关的类,对于客户端来说,去除了与具体产品的依赖。但是在需要为工厂新加功能的时候,就不得不更改工厂中的代码,增加实例化该功能类的判断条件。
违背了开放-封闭原则(对外扩展开放,对内修改封闭)。
以计算器实现为例
代码实现如下:
#include <stdio.h>
//方法类
class Operations
{
public:
int num1,num2;
public:
virtual int GetReasult() = 0;
};
//方法子类
class OperationAdd : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
return num1 + num2;
}
};
class OperationSub : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
return num1 - num2;
}
};
class OperationMul : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
return num1 * num2;
}
};
class OperationDiv : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
if(num2 != 0)
return num1 * num2;
return 0;
}
};
//工厂类
class OperationFactory
{
public:
Operations * createOperation(char in)
{
Operations *temp = NULL;
switch(in)
{
case '+':
temp = new OperationAdd();
break;
case '-':
temp = new OperationSub();
break;
case '*':
temp = new OperationMul();
break;
case '/':
temp = new OperationDiv();
break;
default:
break;
}
return temp;
}
};
//客户端部分
int main()
{
Operations *oper = NULL;
OperationFactory operFactory;
oper = operFactory.createOperation('+');
oper->num1 = 10;
oper->num2 = 12;
int res = oper->GetReasult();
return 1;
}
工厂方法模式:
工厂方法模式(Factory Method):定义一个用于创建对象的接口,让子类决定实例化哪一个类。工厂方法是用一个类的实例化延迟其子类。
工厂模式在需要新加功能的时候不需要修改工厂类中的方法,只需要创建功能子类就可以了。将判断具体实例化哪个类放在了客户端进行判断。
工厂方法模式实现时,客户端需要决定实例化哪一个工厂来实现运算类,选择判断的问题还是存在的,也就是说,工厂方法把简单工作的内部逻辑判断移到了客户端代码来进行。你想要加功能,本来是改工厂类的,而现在是修改客户端。
#include <stdio.h>
//方法类
class Operations
{
public:
int num1,num2;
public:
virtual int GetReasult() = 0;
};
//方法子类
class OperationAdd : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
return num1 + num2;
}
};
class OperationSub : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
return num1 - num2;
}
};
class OperationMul : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
return num1 * num2;
}
};
class OperationDiv : public Operations
{
public:
int GetReasult()
{
if(num2 != 0)
return num1 * num2;
return 0;
}
};
class Factory
{
public:
virtual Operations *CreateOper() = 0;
};
class FactoryAdd : public Factory
{
public:
Operations *CreateOper()
{
OperationAdd *oper = new OperationAdd();
return oper;
}
};
class FactorySub : public Factory
{
public:
Operations *CreateOper()
{
OperationSub *oper = new OperationSub();
return oper;
}
};
class FactoryMul : public Factory
{
public:
Operations *CreateOper()
{
OperationMul *oper = new OperationMul();
return oper;
}
};
class FactoryDiv : public Factory
{
public:
Operations *CreateOper()
{
OperationDiv *oper = new OperationDiv();
return oper;
}
};
int main()
{
Factory *fac = (Factory *)new FactoryAdd();
Operations *oper = fac->CreateOper();
oper->num1 = 10;
oper->num2 = 12;
int res = oper->GetReasult();
return 1;
}